Class: Net::SMTP
Relationships & Source Files | |
Namespace Children | |
Classes:
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Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
Class Chain:
self,
Protocol
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Instance Chain:
self,
Protocol
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Inherits: |
Protocol
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Defined in: | lib/net/smtp.rb, lib/net/smtp/auth_cram_md5.rb, lib/net/smtp/auth_login.rb, lib/net/smtp/auth_plain.rb, lib/net/smtp/auth_xoauth2.rb, lib/net/smtp/authenticator.rb |
Overview
What is This Library?
This library provides functionality to send internet mail via SMTP, the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. For details of SMTP itself, see [RFC5321]. This library also implements SMTP authentication, which is often necessary for message composers to submit messages to their outgoing SMTP server, see [RFC6409], and [SMTPUTF8], which is necessary to send messages to/from addresses containing characters outside the ASCII range.
What is This Library NOT?
This library does NOT provide functions to compose internet mails. You must create them by yourself. If you want better mail support, try the mail or rmail gems, or search for alternatives in / {RubyGems.org} or The Ruby Toolbox.
FYI: the official specification on internet mail is: [RFC5322].
Examples
Sending Messages
You must open a connection to an SMTP server before sending messages. The first argument is the address of your SMTP server, and the second argument is the port number. Using .start with a block is the simplest way to do this. This way, the SMTP
connection is closed automatically after the block is executed.
require 'net/smtp'
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) do |smtp|
# Use the SMTP object smtp only in this block.
end
Replace ‘your.smtp.server’ with your SMTP server. Normally your system manager or internet provider supplies a server for you.
Then you can send messages.
msgstr = <<END_OF_MESSAGE
From: Your Name <your@mail.address>
To: Destination Address <someone@example.com>
Subject: test message
Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 16:26:43 +0900
Message-Id: <unique.message.id.string@example.com>
This is a test message.
END_OF_MESSAGE
require 'net/smtp'
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr,
'your@mail.address',
'his_address@example.com'
end
Closing the Session
You MUST close the SMTP
session after sending messages, by calling the #finish method:
# using SMTP#finish
smtp = Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25)
smtp. msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
smtp.finish
You can also use the block form of .start or #start. This closes the SMTP
session automatically:
# using block form of SMTP.start
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
end
I strongly recommend this scheme. This form is simpler and more robust.
HELO domain
In almost all situations, you must provide a third argument to .start or #start. This is the domain name which you are on (the host to send mail from). It is called the “HELO domain”. The SMTP server will judge whether it should send or reject the SMTP
session by inspecting the HELO domain.
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25, helo: 'mail.from.domain') do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
end
SMTP Authentication
The SMTP
class supports the SMTP extension for SASL Authentication
- RFC4954
-
and the following
SASL mechanisms: PLAIN
, LOGIN
_(deprecated)_, and CRAM-MD5
_(deprecated)_.
To use SMTP authentication, pass extra arguments to .start or #start.
# PLAIN
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25,
user: 'Your Account', secret: 'Your Password', authtype: :plain)
Support for other SASL mechanisms-such as EXTERNAL
, OAUTHBEARER
, SCRAM-SHA-256
, and XOAUTH2
-will be added in a future release.
The LOGIN
and CRAM-MD5
mechanisms are still available for backwards compatibility, but are deprecated and should be avoided.
Constant Summary
-
DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE =
Authentication
:plain
-
VERSION =
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 195"0.5.0"
Class Method Summary
-
.default_port
The default
SMTP
port number, 25. - .default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params = nil)
-
.default_ssl_port
Alias for .default_tls_port.
-
.default_submission_port
The default mail submission port number, 587.
-
.default_tls_port
(also: .default_ssl_port)
The default SMTPS port number, 465.
-
.new(address, port = nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) ⇒ SMTP
constructor
Creates a new
SMTP
object. -
.start(address, port = nil, helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) {|smtp| ... }
Creates a new
SMTP
object and connects to the server.
Instance Attribute Summary
-
#address
readonly
The address of the
SMTP
server to connect to. -
#capabilities
readonly
The server capabilities by EHLO response.
-
#capable_cram_md5_auth? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true if server advertises AUTH CRAM-MD5.
-
#capable_login_auth? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true if server advertises AUTH LOGIN.
-
#capable_plain_auth? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true if server advertises AUTH PLAIN.
-
#capable_starttls? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true if server advertises STARTTLS.
-
#debug_output=(arg)
(also: #set_debug_output)
writeonly
WARNING: This method causes serious security holes.
-
#esmtp?
rw
Alias for #esmtp.
-
#open_timeout
rw
Seconds to wait while attempting to open a connection.
-
#port
readonly
The port number of the
SMTP
server to connect to. -
#read_timeout
rw
Seconds to wait while reading one block (by one read(2) call).
-
#read_timeout=(sec)
rw
Set the number of seconds to wait until timing-out a read(2) call.
-
#ssl?
readonly
Alias for #tls?.
-
#ssl_context_params
rw
Hash for additional SSLContext parameters.
-
#started? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true
if the SMTP session has been started. -
#starttls? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
Returns truth value if this object uses STARTTLS.
-
#starttls_always? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true if this object uses STARTTLS.
-
#starttls_auto? ⇒ Boolean
readonly
true if this object uses STARTTLS when server advertises STARTTLS.
-
#tls? ⇒ Boolean
(also: #ssl?)
readonly
true if this object uses SMTP/TLS (SMTPS).
-
#tls_hostname
rw
The hostname for verifying hostname in the server certificatate.
-
#tls_verify
rw
If
true
, verify th server’s certificate.
Instance Method Summary
-
#auth_capable?(type) ⇒ Boolean
Returns whether the server advertises support for the authentication type.
-
#authenticate(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE)
Authenticates with the server, using the “AUTH” command.
-
#capable?(key) ⇒ Boolean
true if the EHLO response contains
key
. -
#capable_auth_types
Returns supported authentication methods on this server.
-
#data(msgstr = nil, &block)
This method sends a message.
-
#disable_ssl
Alias for #disable_tls.
-
#disable_starttls
Disables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object.
-
#disable_tls
(also: #disable_ssl)
Disables SMTP/TLS for this object.
- #ehlo(domain)
-
#enable_ssl(context = nil)
Alias for #enable_tls.
-
#enable_starttls(context = nil)
Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object.
-
#enable_starttls_auto(context = nil)
Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object if server accepts.
-
#enable_tls(context = nil)
(also: #enable_ssl)
Enables SMTP/TLS (SMTPS: SMTP over direct TLS connection) for this object.
-
#esmtp
(also: #esmtp?)
rw
Set whether to use ESMTP or not.
-
#finish
Finishes the
SMTP
session and closes TCP connection. - #get_response(reqline)
- #helo(domain)
-
#inspect
Provide human-readable stringification of class state.
- #logging(msg)
-
#mailfrom(from_addr)
from_addr
isString
orAddress
-
#open_message_stream(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block)
(also: #ready)
Opens a message writer stream and gives it to the block.
- #quit
-
#rcptto(to_addr)
to_addr
isString
orAddress
- #rcptto_list(to_addrs)
-
#ready(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block)
Alias for #open_message_stream.
-
#rset
Aborts the current mail transaction.
-
#send_mail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
Alias for #send_message.
-
#send_message(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
(also: #send_mail, #sendmail)
Sends
msgstr
as a message. -
#sendmail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
Alias for #send_message.
-
#start(helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil) {|smtp| ... }
Opens a TCP connection and starts the
SMTP
session. - #starttls readonly
- #any_require_smtputf8(addresses) private
- #check_auth_args(type, *args, **kwargs) private
- #check_continue(res) private
- #check_response(res) private
- #critical private
- #do_finish private
- #do_helo(helo_domain) private
- #do_start(helo_domain, user, secret, authtype) private
- #getok(reqline) private
- #new_internet_message_io(s) private
- #recv_response private
- #requires_smtputf8(address) private
- #ssl_socket(socket, context) private
- #tcp_socket(address, port) private
- #tlsconnect(s, context) private
- #validate_line(line) private
Constructor Details
.new(address, port = nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) ⇒ SMTP
Creates a new SMTP
object.
#address is the hostname or ip address of your SMTP
server. #port is the port to connect to; it defaults to port 25.
If tls
is true, enable TLS. The default is false. If #starttls is :always
, enable STARTTLS, if :auto
, use STARTTLS when the server supports it, if false, disable STARTTLS.
If #tls_verify is true, verify the server’s certificate. The default is true. If the hostname in the server certificate is different from #address, it can be specified with #tls_hostname.
Additional SSLContext params can be added to the #ssl_context_params hash argument and are passed to {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#set_params}.
tls_verify: true
is equivalent to ssl_context_params: { verify_mode: {OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER} }
.
This method does not open the TCP connection. You can use .start instead of .new
if you want to do everything at once. Otherwise, follow .new
with #start.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 248
def initialize(address, port = nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) @address = address @port = (port || SMTP.default_port) @esmtp = true @capabilities = nil @socket = nil @started = false @open_timeout = 30 @read_timeout = 60 @error_occurred = false @debug_output = nil @tls = tls @starttls = starttls @ssl_context_tls = nil @ssl_context_starttls = nil @tls_verify = tls_verify @tls_hostname = tls_hostname @ssl_context_params = ssl_context_params end
Class Method Details
.default_port
The default SMTP
port number, 25.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 198
def SMTP.default_port 25 end
.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params = nil)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 216
def SMTP.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params = nil) context = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.new context.set_params(ssl_context_params || {}) context end
.default_ssl_port
Alias for .default_tls_port.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 213
alias default_ssl_port default_tls_port
.default_submission_port
The default mail submission port number, 587.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 203
def SMTP.default_submission_port 587 end
.default_tls_port Also known as: .default_ssl_port
The default SMTPS port number, 465.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 208
def SMTP.default_tls_port 465 end
.start(address, port = nil, helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) {|smtp| ... }
.start(address, port = nil, helo = 'localhost', user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil) {|smtp| ... }
Creates a new SMTP
object and connects to the server.
This method is equivalent to:
Net::SMTP.new(address, port, tls_verify: flag, tls_hostname: hostname, ssl_context_params: nil)
.start(helo: helo_domain, user: account, secret: password, authtype: authtype)
Example
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server') do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr, 'from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']
end
Block Usage
If called with a block, the newly-opened SMTP
object is yielded to the block, and automatically closed when the block finishes. If called without a block, the newly-opened SMTP
object is returned to the caller, and it is the caller’s responsibility to close it when finished.
Parameters
#address is the hostname or ip address of your smtp server.
#port is the port to connect to; it defaults to port 25.
#helo is the HELO domain provided by the client to the server (see overview comments); it defaults to ‘localhost’.
If tls
is true, enable TLS. The default is false. If #starttls is :always
, enable STARTTLS, if :auto
, use STARTTLS when the server supports it, if false, disable STARTTLS.
If #tls_verify is true, verify the server’s certificate. The default is true. If the hostname in the server certificate is different from #address, it can be specified with #tls_hostname.
Additional SSLContext params can be added to the #ssl_context_params hash argument and are passed to {OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#set_params}.
tls_verify: true
is equivalent to ssl_context_params: { verify_mode: {OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER} }
.
The remaining arguments are used for SMTP authentication, if required or desired.
authtype
is the SASL authentication mechanism.
user
is the authentication or authorization identity.
secret
or password
is your password or other authentication token.
These will be sent to #authenticate as positional arguments-the exact semantics are dependent on the authtype
.
See the discussion of Net::SMTP@SMTP+Authentication in the overview notes.
Errors
This method may raise:
-
Net::OpenTimeout
-
Net::ReadTimeout
-
IOError
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 539
def SMTP.start(address, port = nil, *args, helo: nil, user: nil, secret: nil, password: nil, authtype: nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil, &block) raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments (given #{args.size + 2}, expected 1..6)" if args.size > 4 helo ||= args[0] || 'localhost' user ||= args[1] secret ||= password || args[2] authtype ||= args[3] new(address, port, tls: tls, starttls: starttls, tls_verify: tls_verify, tls_hostname: tls_hostname, ssl_context_params: ssl_context_params).start(helo: helo, user: user, secret: secret, authtype: authtype, &block) end
Instance Attribute Details
#address (readonly)
The address of the SMTP
server to connect to.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 414
attr_reader :address
#capabilities (readonly)
The server capabilities by EHLO response
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 307
attr_reader :capabilities
#capable_cram_md5_auth? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true if server advertises AUTH CRAM-MD5. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP
session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 323
def capable_cram_md5_auth? auth_capable?('CRAM-MD5') end
#capable_login_auth? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true if server advertises AUTH LOGIN. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP
session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 317
def capable_login_auth? auth_capable?('LOGIN') end
#capable_plain_auth? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true if server advertises AUTH PLAIN. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP
session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 311
def capable_plain_auth? auth_capable?('PLAIN') end
#capable_starttls? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true if server advertises STARTTLS. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP
session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 296
def capable_starttls? capable?('STARTTLS') end
#debug_output=(arg) (writeonly) Also known as: #set_debug_output
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 450
def debug_output=(arg) @debug_output = arg end
#esmtp? (rw)
Alias for #esmtp.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 292
alias esmtp? esmtp
#open_timeout (rw)
Seconds to wait while attempting to open a connection. If the connection cannot be opened within this time, a Net::OpenTimeout
is raised. The default value is 30 seconds.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 422
attr_accessor :open_timeout
#port (readonly)
The port number of the SMTP
server to connect to.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 417
attr_reader :port
#read_timeout (rw)
Seconds to wait while reading one block (by one read(2) call). If the read(2) call does not complete within this time, a Net::ReadTimeout
is raised. The default value is 60 seconds.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 427
attr_reader :read_timeout
#read_timeout=(sec) (rw)
Set the number of seconds to wait until timing-out a read(2) call.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 431
def read_timeout=(sec) @socket.read_timeout = sec if @socket @read_timeout = sec end
#ssl? (readonly)
Alias for #tls?.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 348
alias ssl? tls?
#ssl_context_params (rw)
Hash for additional SSLContext parameters.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 275
attr_accessor :ssl_context_params
#started? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true
if the SMTP session has been started.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 553
def started? @started end
#starttls? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
Returns truth value if this object uses STARTTLS. If this object always uses STARTTLS, returns :always
. If this object uses STARTTLS when the server support TLS, returns :auto
.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 374
def starttls? @starttls end
#starttls_always? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true if this object uses STARTTLS.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 379
def starttls_always? @starttls == :always end
#starttls_auto? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
true if this object uses STARTTLS when server advertises STARTTLS.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 384
def starttls_auto? @starttls == :auto end
#tls? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
Also known as: #ssl?
true if this object uses SMTP/TLS (SMTPS).
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 344
def tls? @tls end
#tls_hostname (rw)
The hostname for verifying hostname in the server certificatate.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 272
attr_accessor :tls_hostname
#tls_verify (rw)
If true
, verify th server’s certificate.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 269
attr_accessor :tls_verify
Instance Method Details
#any_require_smtputf8(addresses) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 748
def any_require_smtputf8(addresses) addresses.any?{ |a| requires_smtputf8(a) } end
#auth_capable?(type) ⇒ Boolean
Returns whether the server advertises support for the authentication type. You cannot get valid result before opening SMTP
session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 329
def auth_capable?(type) return nil unless @capabilities return false unless @capabilities['AUTH'] @capabilities['AUTH'].include?(type) end
#authenticate(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE)
Authenticates with the server, using the “AUTH” command.
authtype
is the name of a SASL authentication mechanism.
All arguments-other than authtype
-are forwarded to the authenticator. Different authenticators may interpret the user
and secret
arguments differently.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 872
def authenticate(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) check_auth_args authtype, user, secret authenticator = Authenticator.auth_class(authtype).new(self) authenticator.auth(user, secret) end
#capable?(key) ⇒ Boolean
true if the EHLO response contains key
.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 301
def capable?(key) return nil unless @capabilities @capabilities[key] ? true : false end
#capable_auth_types
Returns supported authentication methods on this server. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP
session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 337
def capable_auth_types return [] unless @capabilities return [] unless @capabilities['AUTH'] @capabilities['AUTH'] end
#check_auth_args(type, *args, **kwargs) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 880
def check_auth_args(type, *args, **kwargs) type ||= DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE klass = Authenticator.auth_class(type) or raise ArgumentError, "wrong authentication type #{type}" klass.check_args(*args, **kwargs) end
#check_continue(res) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1040
def check_continue(res) unless res.continue? raise SMTPUnknownError.new(res, message: "could not get 3xx (#{res.status}: #{res.string})") end end
#check_response(res) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1034
def check_response(res) unless res.success? raise res.exception_class.new(res) end end
#critical (private)
[ GitHub ]#data(msgstr = nil, &block)
This method sends a message. If msgstr
is given, sends it as a message. If block is given, yield a message writer stream. You must write message before the block is closed.
# Example 1 (by string)
smtp.data(<<EndMessage)
From: john@example.com
To: betty@example.com
Subject: I found a bug
Check vm.c:58879.
EndMessage
# Example 2 (by block)
smtp.data {|f|
f.puts "From: john@example.com"
f.puts "To: betty@example.com"
f.puts "Subject: I found a bug"
f.puts ""
f.puts "Check vm.c:58879."
}
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 958
def data(msgstr = nil, &block) #:yield: stream if msgstr and block raise ArgumentError, "message and block are exclusive" end unless msgstr or block raise ArgumentError, "message or block is required" end res = critical { check_continue get_response('DATA') socket_sync_bak = @socket.io.sync begin @socket.io.sync = false if msgstr @socket. msgstr else @socket. (&block) end ensure @socket.io.flush @socket.io.sync = socket_sync_bak end recv_response() } check_response res res end
#disable_ssl
Alias for #disable_tls.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 369
alias disable_ssl disable_tls
#disable_starttls
Disables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object. Must be called before the connection is established to have any effect.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 408
def disable_starttls @starttls = false @ssl_context_starttls = nil end
#disable_tls Also known as: #disable_ssl
Disables SMTP/TLS for this object. Must be called before the connection is established to have any effect.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 364
def disable_tls @tls = false @ssl_context_tls = nil end
#do_finish (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 731
def do_finish quit if @socket and not @socket.closed? and not @error_occurred ensure @started = false @error_occurred = false @socket.close if @socket @socket = nil end
#do_helo(helo_domain) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 719
def do_helo(helo_domain) res = @esmtp ? ehlo(helo_domain) : helo(helo_domain) @capabilities = res.capabilities rescue SMTPError if @esmtp @esmtp = false @error_occurred = false retry end raise end
#do_start(helo_domain, user, secret, authtype) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 666
def do_start(helo_domain, user, secret, authtype) raise IOError, 'SMTP session already started' if @started if user || secret || authtype check_auth_args authtype, user, secret end s = Timeout.timeout(@open_timeout, Net::OpenTimeout) do tcp_socket(@address, @port) end logging "Connection opened: #{@address}:#{@port}" @socket = (tls? ? tlsconnect(s, @ssl_context_tls) : s) check_response critical { recv_response() } do_helo helo_domain if ! tls? and (starttls_always? or (capable_starttls? and starttls_auto?)) unless capable_starttls? raise SMTPUnsupportedCommand, "STARTTLS is not supported on this server" end starttls @socket = (tlsconnect(s, @ssl_context_starttls)) # helo response may be different after STARTTLS do_helo helo_domain end authenticate user, secret, (authtype || DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) if user @started = true ensure unless @started # authentication failed, cancel connection. s.close if s @socket = nil end end
#ehlo(domain)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 907
def ehlo(domain) getok("EHLO #{domain}") end
#enable_ssl(context = nil)
Alias for #enable_tls.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 360
alias enable_ssl enable_tls
#enable_starttls(context = nil)
Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object. context
is a OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext
object.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 390
def enable_starttls(context = nil) raise 'openssl library not installed' unless defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) raise ArgumentError, "SMTPS and STARTTLS is exclusive" if @tls @starttls = :always @ssl_context_starttls = context end
#enable_starttls_auto(context = nil)
Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object if server accepts. context
is a OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext
object.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 399
def enable_starttls_auto(context = nil) raise 'openssl library not installed' unless defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) raise ArgumentError, "SMTPS and STARTTLS is exclusive" if @tls @starttls = :auto @ssl_context_starttls = context end
#enable_tls(context = nil) Also known as: #enable_ssl
Enables SMTP/TLS (SMTPS: SMTP over direct TLS connection) for this object. Must be called before the connection is established to have any effect. context
is a OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext
object.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 353
def enable_tls(context = nil) raise 'openssl library not installed' unless defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) raise ArgumentError, "SMTPS and STARTTLS is exclusive" if @starttls == :always @tls = true @ssl_context_tls = context end
#esmtp (rw) Also known as: #esmtp?
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 289
attr_accessor :esmtp
#finish
Finishes the SMTP
session and closes TCP connection. Raises IOError if not started.
#get_response(reqline)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 989
def get_response(reqline) validate_line reqline @socket.writeline reqline recv_response() end
#getok(reqline) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1004
def getok(reqline) validate_line reqline res = critical { @socket.writeline reqline recv_response() } check_response res res end
#helo(domain)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 903
def helo(domain) getok("HELO #{domain}") end
#inspect
Provide human-readable stringification of class state.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 278
def inspect "#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} started=#{@started}>" end
#logging(msg)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1125
def logging(msg) @debug_output << msg + "\n" if @debug_output end
#mailfrom(from_addr)
from_addr
is String
or SMTP::Address
#new_internet_message_io(s) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 714
def (s) InternetMessageIO.new(s, read_timeout: @read_timeout, debug_output: @debug_output) end
#open_message_stream(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block) Also known as: #ready
Opens a message writer stream and gives it to the block. The stream is valid only in the block, and has these methods:
- puts(str = ”)
-
outputs STR and CR LF.
- print(str)
-
outputs STR.
- printf(fmt, *args)
-
outputs sprintf(fmt,*args).
- write(str)
-
outputs STR and returns the length of written bytes.
- <<(str)
-
outputs STR and returns self.
If a single CR (“r”) or LF (“n”) is found in the message, it is converted to the CR LF pair. You cannot send a binary message with this method.
Parameters
from_addr
is a String or SMTP::Address
representing the source mail address.
to_addr
is a String or SMTP::Address
or Array of them, representing the destination mail address or addresses.
Example
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com', 25) do |smtp|
smtp. ('from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']) do |f|
f.puts 'From: from@example.com'
f.puts 'To: dest@example.com'
f.puts 'Subject: test message'
f.puts
f.puts 'This is a test message.'
end
end
Errors
This method may raise:
-
Net::ReadTimeout
-
IOError
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 849
def (from_addr, *to_addrs, &block) # :yield: stream to_addrs.flatten! raise IOError, 'closed session' unless @socket from_addr = Address.new(from_addr, 'SMTPUTF8') if any_require_smtputf8(to_addrs) && capable?('SMTPUTF8') mailfrom from_addr rcptto_list(to_addrs) {data(&block)} end
#quit
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 985
def quit getok('QUIT') end
#rcptto(to_addr)
to_addr
is String
or SMTP::Address
#rcptto_list(to_addrs)
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 921
def rcptto_list(to_addrs) raise ArgumentError, 'mail destination not given' if to_addrs.empty? to_addrs.flatten.each do |addr| rcptto addr end yield end
#ready(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block)
Alias for #open_message_stream.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 857
alias ready # obsolete
#recv_response (private)
[ GitHub ]#requires_smtputf8(address) (private)
[ GitHub ]#rset
Aborts the current mail transaction
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 895
def rset getok('RSET') end
#send_mail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
Alias for #send_message.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 802
alias send_mail
#send_message(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs) Also known as: #send_mail, #sendmail
Sends msgstr
as a message. Single CR (“r”) and LF (“n”) found in the msgstr
, are converted into the CR LF pair. You cannot send a binary message with this method. msgstr
should include both the message headers and body.
from_addr
is a String or SMTP::Address
representing the source mail address.
to_addr
is a String or SMTP::Address
or Array of them, representing the destination mail address or addresses.
Example
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com') do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr,
'from@example.com',
['dest@example.com', 'dest2@example.com']
end
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com') do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr,
Net::SMTP::Address.new('from@example.com', size: 12345),
Net::SMTP::Address.new('dest@example.com', notify: :success)
end
Errors
This method may raise:
-
Net::ReadTimeout
-
IOError
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 794
def (msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs) to_addrs.flatten! raise IOError, 'closed session' unless @socket from_addr = Address.new(from_addr, 'SMTPUTF8') if any_require_smtputf8(to_addrs) && capable?('SMTPUTF8') mailfrom from_addr rcptto_list(to_addrs) {data msgstr} end
#sendmail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
Alias for #send_message.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 803
alias sendmail # obsolete
#ssl_socket(socket, context) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 697
def ssl_socket(socket, context) OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.new socket, context end
#start(helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil) {|smtp| ... }
#start(helo = 'localhost', user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil) {|smtp| ... }
Opens a TCP connection and starts the SMTP
session.
Parameters
#helo is the HELO domain that you’ll dispatch mails from; see the discussion in the overview notes.
The remaining arguments are used for SMTP authentication, if required or desired.
authtype
is the SASL authentication mechanism.
user
is the authentication or authorization identity.
secret
or password
is your password or other authentication token.
These will be sent to #authenticate as positional arguments-the exact semantics are dependent on the authtype
.
See the discussion of Net::SMTP@SMTP+Authentication in the overview notes.
See also: .start
Block Usage
When this methods is called with a block, the newly-started SMTP
object is yielded to the block, and automatically closed after the block call finishes. Otherwise, it is the caller’s responsibility to close the session when finished.
Example
This is very similar to the class method .start.
require 'net/smtp'
smtp = Net::SMTP.new('smtp.mail.server', 25)
smtp.start(helo: helo_domain, user: account, secret: password, authtype: authtype) do |smtp|
smtp. msgstr, 'from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']
end
The primary use of this method (as opposed to .start) is probably to set debugging (#set_debug_output) or ESMTP (#esmtp=), which must be done before the session is started.
Errors
If session has already been started, an IOError will be raised.
This method may raise:
-
Net::OpenTimeout
-
Net::ReadTimeout
-
IOError
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 622
def start(*args, helo: nil, user: nil, secret: nil, password: nil, authtype: nil) raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments (given #{args.size}, expected 0..4)" if args.size > 4 helo ||= args[0] || 'localhost' user ||= args[1] secret ||= password || args[2] authtype ||= args[3] if defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) ssl_context_params = @ssl_context_params || {} unless ssl_context_params.has_key?(:verify_mode) ssl_context_params[:verify_mode] = @tls_verify ? OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER : OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE end if @tls && @ssl_context_tls.nil? @ssl_context_tls = SMTP.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params) end if @starttls && @ssl_context_starttls.nil? @ssl_context_starttls = SMTP.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params) end end if block_given? begin do_start helo, user, secret, authtype return yield(self) ensure do_finish end else do_start helo, user, secret, authtype return self end end
#starttls (readonly)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 899
def starttls getok('STARTTLS') end
#tcp_socket(address, port) (private)
[ GitHub ]#tlsconnect(s, context) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 701
def tlsconnect(s, context) verified = false s = ssl_socket(s, context) logging "TLS connection started" s.sync_close = true s.hostname = @tls_hostname || @address ssl_socket_connect(s, @open_timeout) verified = true s ensure s.close unless verified end
#validate_line(line) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 997
def validate_line(line) # A bare CR or LF is not allowed in RFC5321. if /[\r\n]/ =~ line raise ArgumentError, "A line must not contain CR or LF" end end