Class: Net::SMTP
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Namespace Children | |
| Classes: | |
| Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
| Class Chain: 
          self,
          Protocol
         | |
| Instance Chain: 
          self,
          Protocol
         | |
| Inherits: | Protocol 
 | 
| Defined in: | lib/net/smtp.rb | 
Overview
What is This Library?
This library provides functionality to send internet mail via SMTP, the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. For details of SMTP itself, see [RFC2821] (www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2821.txt).
What is This Library NOT?
This library does NOT provide functions to compose internet mails. You must create them by yourself. If you want better mail support, try RubyMail or TMail or search for alternatives in / RubyGems.org or The Ruby Toolbox.
FYI: the official documentation on internet mail is: [RFC2822] (www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2822.txt).
Examples
Sending Messages
You must open a connection to an SMTP server before sending messages. The first argument is the address of your SMTP server, and the second argument is the port number. Using .start with a block is the simplest way to do this. This way, the SMTP connection is closed automatically after the block is executed.
require 'net/smtp'
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) do |smtp|
  # Use the SMTP object smtp only in this block.
endReplace ‘your.smtp.server’ with your SMTP server. Normally your system manager or internet provider supplies a server for you.
Then you can send messages.
msgstr = <<END_OF_MESSAGE
From: Your Name <your@mail.address>
To: Destination Address <someone@example.com>
Subject: test message
Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 16:26:43 +0900
Message-Id: <unique.message.id.string@example.com>
This is a test message.
END_OF_MESSAGE
require 'net/smtp'
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) do |smtp|
  smtp. msgstr,
                    'your@mail.address',
                    'his_address@example.com'
endClosing the Session
You MUST close the SMTP session after sending messages, by calling the #finish method:
# using SMTP#finish
smtp = Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25)
smtp. msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
smtp.finishYou can also use the block form of SMTP.start/SMTP#start.  This closes the SMTP session automatically:
# using block form of SMTP.start
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25) do |smtp|
  smtp. msgstr, 'from@address', 'to@address'
endI strongly recommend this scheme. This form is simpler and more robust.
HELO domain
In almost all situations, you must provide a third argument to SMTP.start/SMTP#start. This is the domain name which you are on (the host to send mail from). It is called the “HELO domain”. The SMTP server will judge whether it should send or reject the SMTP session by inspecting the HELO domain.
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25
                helo: 'mail.from.domain') { |smtp| ... }SMTP Authentication
The SMTP class supports three authentication schemes; PLAIN, LOGIN and CRAM MD5.  (SMTP Authentication: [RFC2554]) To use SMTP authentication, pass extra arguments to SMTP.start/SMTP#start.
# PLAIN
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25
                user: 'Your Account', secret: 'Your Password', authtype: :plain)
# LOGIN
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25
                user: 'Your Account', secret: 'Your Password', authtype: :login)
# CRAM MD5
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server', 25
                user: 'Your Account', secret: 'Your Password', authtype: :cram_md5)Constant Summary
- 
    CRAM_BUFSIZE =
    
 # File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 90764
- 
    DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE =
    
 # File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 832:plain 
- 
    IMASK =
    
 # File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 8980x36
- 
    OMASK =
    
 # File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 8990x5c
- 
    Revision =
    
 # File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 191%q$Revision$.split[1] 
- 
    VERSION =
    
 # File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 189"0.3.4"
Class Method Summary
- 
    
      .default_port  
    
    The default SMTPport number, 25.
- .default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params = nil)
- 
    
      .default_ssl_port  
    
    Alias for .default_tls_port. 
- 
    
      .default_submission_port  
    
    The default mail submission port number, 587. 
- 
    
      .default_tls_port  
      (also: .default_ssl_port)
    
    The default SMTPS port number, 465. 
- 
    
      .new(address, port = nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil)  ⇒ SMTP 
    
    constructor
    Creates a new SMTPobject.
- 
    
      .start(address, port = nil, helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) {|smtp| ... } 
    
    Creates a new SMTPobject and connects to the server.
Instance Attribute Summary
- 
    
      #address  
    
    readonly
    The address of the SMTPserver to connect to.
- 
    
      #capabilities  
    
    readonly
    The server capabilities by EHLO response. 
- 
    
      #capable_cram_md5_auth?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    true if server advertises AUTH CRAM-MD5. 
- 
    
      #capable_login_auth?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    true if server advertises AUTH LOGIN. 
- 
    
      #capable_plain_auth?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    true if server advertises AUTH PLAIN. 
- 
    
      #capable_starttls?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    true if server advertises STARTTLS. 
- 
    
      #debug_output=(arg)  
      (also: #set_debug_output)
    
    writeonly
    WARNING: This method causes serious security holes. 
- 
    
      #esmtp?  
    
    rw
    Alias for #esmtp. 
- 
    
      #open_timeout  
    
    rw
    Seconds to wait while attempting to open a connection. 
- 
    
      #port  
    
    readonly
    The port number of the SMTPserver to connect to.
- 
    
      #read_timeout  
    
    rw
    Seconds to wait while reading one block (by one read(2) call). 
- 
    
      #read_timeout=(sec)  
    
    rw
    Set the number of seconds to wait until timing-out a read(2) call. 
- 
    
      #ssl?  
    
    readonly
    Alias for #tls?. 
- 
    
      #ssl_context_params  
    
    rw
    Hash for additional SSLContext parameters. 
- 
    
      #started?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    trueif theSMTPsession has been started.
- 
    
      #starttls?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    Returns truth value if this object uses STARTTLS. 
- 
    
      #starttls_always?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    true if this object uses STARTTLS. 
- 
    
      #starttls_auto?  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    readonly
    true if this object uses STARTTLS when server advertises STARTTLS. 
- 
    
      #tls?  ⇒ Boolean 
      (also: #ssl?)
    
    readonly
    true if this object uses SMTP/TLS (SMTPS). 
- 
    
      #tls_hostname  
    
    rw
    The hostname for verifying hostname in the server certificatate. 
- 
    
      #tls_verify  
    
    rw
    If true, verify th server’s certificate.
Instance Method Summary
- #auth_cram_md5(user, secret)
- #auth_login(user, secret)
- #auth_plain(user, secret)
- #authenticate(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE)
- 
    
      #capable?(key)  ⇒ Boolean 
    
    true if the EHLO response contains key.
- 
    
      #capable_auth_types  
    
    Returns supported authentication methods on this server. 
- 
    
      #data(msgstr = nil, &block)  
    
    This method sends a message. 
- 
    
      #disable_ssl  
    
    Alias for #disable_tls. 
- 
    
      #disable_starttls  
    
    Disables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object. 
- 
    
      #disable_tls  
      (also: #disable_ssl)
    
    Disables SMTP/TLS for this object. 
- #ehlo(domain)
- 
    
      #enable_ssl(context = nil)  
    
    Alias for #enable_tls. 
- 
    
      #enable_starttls(context = nil)  
    
    Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object. 
- 
    
      #enable_starttls_auto(context = nil)  
    
    Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object if server accepts. 
- 
    
      #enable_tls(context = nil)  
      (also: #enable_ssl)
    
    Enables SMTP/TLS (SMTPS: SMTPover direct TLS connection) for this object.
- 
    
      #esmtp  
      (also: #esmtp?)
    
    rw
    Set whether to use ESMTP or not. 
- 
    
      #finish  
    
    Finishes the SMTPsession and closes TCP connection.
- #helo(domain)
- 
    
      #inspect  
    
    Provide human-readable stringification of class state. 
- #logging(msg)
- 
    
      #mailfrom(from_addr)  
    
    from_addrisStringorAddress
- 
    
      #open_message_stream(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block)  
      (also: #ready)
    
    Opens a message writer stream and gives it to the block. 
- #quit
- 
    
      #rcptto(to_addr)  
    
    to_addrisStringorAddress
- #rcptto_list(to_addrs)
- 
    
      #ready(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block)  
    
    Alias for #open_message_stream. 
- 
    
      #rset  
    
    Aborts the current mail transaction. 
- 
    
      #send_mail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)  
    
    Alias for #send_message. 
- 
    
      #send_message(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)  
      (also: #send_mail, #sendmail)
    
    Sends msgstras a message.
- 
    
      #sendmail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)  
    
    Alias for #send_message. 
- 
    
      #start(helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil) {|smtp| ... } 
    
    Opens a TCP connection and starts the SMTPsession.
- #starttls readonly
- #auth_capable?(type) ⇒ Boolean private
- #auth_method(type) private
- #base64_encode(str) private
- #check_auth_args(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) private
- #check_auth_continue(res) private
- #check_auth_method(type) private
- #check_auth_response(res) private
- #check_continue(res) private
- #check_response(res) private
- 
    
      #cram_md5_response(secret, challenge)  
    
    private
    CRAM-MD5: [RFC2195]. 
- #cram_secret(secret, mask) private
- #critical private
- #digest_class private
- #do_finish private
- #do_helo(helo_domain) private
- #do_start(helo_domain, user, secret, authtype) private
- #get_response(reqline) private
- #getok(reqline) private
- #new_internet_message_io(s) private
- #recv_response private
- #ssl_socket(socket, context) private
- #tcp_socket(address, port) private
- #tlsconnect(s, context) private
- #validate_line(line) private
Constructor Details
    .new(address, port = nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil)  ⇒ SMTP 
  
Creates a new SMTP object.
#address is the hostname or ip address of your SMTP server.  #port is the port to connect to; it defaults to port 25.
If tls is true, enable TLS. The default is false. If #starttls is :always, enable STARTTLS, if :auto, use STARTTLS when the server supports it, if false, disable STARTTLS.
If #tls_verify is true, verify the server’s certificate. The default is true. If the hostname in the server certificate is different from #address, it can be specified with #tls_hostname.
Additional SSLContext params can be added to #ssl_context_params hash argument and are passed to OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#set_params
tls_verify: true is equivalent to ssl_context_params: { verify_mode: {OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER} }. This method does not open the TCP connection.  You can use .start instead of .new if you want to do everything at once.  Otherwise, follow .new with #start.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 241
def initialize(address, port = nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) @address = address @port = (port || SMTP.default_port) @esmtp = true @capabilities = nil @socket = nil @started = false @open_timeout = 30 @read_timeout = 60 @error_occurred = false @debug_output = nil @tls = tls @starttls = starttls @ssl_context_tls = nil @ssl_context_starttls = nil @tls_verify = tls_verify @tls_hostname = tls_hostname @ssl_context_params = ssl_context_params end
Class Method Details
.default_port
The default SMTP port number, 25.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 194
def SMTP.default_port 25 end
.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params = nil)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 212
def SMTP.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params = nil) context = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.new context.set_params(ssl_context_params ? ssl_context_params : {}) context end
.default_ssl_port
Alias for .default_tls_port.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 209
alias default_ssl_port default_tls_port
.default_submission_port
The default mail submission port number, 587.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 199
def SMTP.default_submission_port 587 end
.default_tls_port Also known as: .default_ssl_port
The default SMTPS port number, 465.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 204
def SMTP.default_tls_port 465 end
    
      .start(address, port = nil, helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil) {|smtp| ... } 
      .start(address, port = nil, helo = 'localhost', user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil) {|smtp| ... } 
    
  
Creates a new SMTP object and connects to the server.
This method is equivalent to:
Net::SMTP.new(address, port).start(helo: helo_domain, user: account, secret: password, authtype: authtype, tls_verify: flag, tls_hostname: hostname, ssl_context_params: nil)Example
Net::SMTP.start('your.smtp.server') do |smtp|
  smtp. msgstr, 'from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']
endBlock Usage
If called with a block, the newly-opened SMTP object is yielded to the block, and automatically closed when the block finishes.  If called without a block, the newly-opened SMTP object is returned to the caller, and it is the caller’s responsibility to close it when finished.
Parameters
#address is the hostname or ip address of your smtp server.
#port is the port to connect to; it defaults to port 25.
#helo is the HELO domain provided by the client to the server (see overview comments); it defaults to ‘localhost’.
The remaining arguments are used for SMTP authentication, if required or desired.  user is the account name; secret is your password or other authentication token; and authtype is the authentication type, one of :plain, :login, or :cram_md5.  See the discussion of SMTP Authentication in the overview notes.
If tls is true, enable TLS. The default is false. If #starttls is :always, enable STARTTLS, if :auto, use STARTTLS when the server supports it, if false, disable STARTTLS.
If #tls_verify is true, verify the server’s certificate. The default is true. If the hostname in the server certificate is different from #address, it can be specified with #tls_hostname.
Additional SSLContext params can be added to #ssl_context_params hash argument and are passed to OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext#set_params
tls_verify: true is equivalent to ssl_context_params: { verify_mode: {OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER} }.
Errors
This method may raise:
- 
Net::OpenTimeout
- 
Net::ReadTimeout
- 
IOError 
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 518
def SMTP.start(address, port = nil, *args, helo: nil, user: nil, secret: nil, password: nil, authtype: nil, tls: false, starttls: :auto, tls_verify: true, tls_hostname: nil, ssl_context_params: nil, &block) raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments (given #{args.size + 2}, expected 1..6)" if args.size > 4 helo ||= args[0] || 'localhost' user ||= args[1] secret ||= password || args[2] authtype ||= args[3] new(address, port, tls: tls, starttls: starttls, tls_verify: tls_verify, tls_hostname: tls_hostname, ssl_context_params: ssl_context_params).start(helo: helo, user: user, secret: secret, authtype: authtype, &block) end
Instance Attribute Details
#address (readonly)
The address of the SMTP server to connect to.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 406
attr_reader :address
#capabilities (readonly)
The server capabilities by EHLO response
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 300
attr_reader :capabilities
    #capable_cram_md5_auth?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if server advertises AUTH CRAM-MD5. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 316
def capable_cram_md5_auth? auth_capable?('CRAM-MD5') end
    #capable_login_auth?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if server advertises AUTH LOGIN. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 310
def capable_login_auth? auth_capable?('LOGIN') end
    #capable_plain_auth?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if server advertises AUTH PLAIN. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 304
def capable_plain_auth? auth_capable?('PLAIN') end
    #capable_starttls?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if server advertises STARTTLS. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 289
def capable_starttls? capable?('STARTTLS') end
#debug_output=(arg) (writeonly) Also known as: #set_debug_output
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 442
def debug_output=(arg) @debug_output = arg end
#esmtp? (rw)
Alias for #esmtp.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 285
alias :esmtp? :esmtp
#open_timeout (rw)
Seconds to wait while attempting to open a connection. If the connection cannot be opened within this time, a Net::OpenTimeout is raised. The default value is 30 seconds.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 414
attr_accessor :open_timeout
#port (readonly)
The port number of the SMTP server to connect to.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 409
attr_reader :port
#read_timeout (rw)
Seconds to wait while reading one block (by one read(2) call). If the read(2) call does not complete within this time, a Net::ReadTimeout is raised. The default value is 60 seconds.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 419
attr_reader :read_timeout
#read_timeout=(sec) (rw)
Set the number of seconds to wait until timing-out a read(2) call.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 423
def read_timeout=(sec) @socket.read_timeout = sec if @socket @read_timeout = sec end
#ssl? (readonly)
Alias for #tls?.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 340
alias ssl? tls?
#ssl_context_params (rw)
Hash for additional SSLContext parameters.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 268
attr_accessor :ssl_context_params
    #started?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if the SMTP session has been started.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 532
def started? @started end
    #starttls?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
Returns truth value if this object uses STARTTLS. If this object always uses STARTTLS, returns :always. If this object uses STARTTLS when the server support TLS, returns :auto.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 366
def starttls? @starttls end
    #starttls_always?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if this object uses STARTTLS.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 371
def starttls_always? @starttls == :always end
    #starttls_auto?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
  
true if this object uses STARTTLS when server advertises STARTTLS.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 376
def starttls_auto? @starttls == :auto end
    #tls?  ⇒ Boolean  (readonly)
    Also known as: #ssl?
  
true if this object uses SMTP/TLS (SMTPS).
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 336
def tls? @tls end
#tls_hostname (rw)
The hostname for verifying hostname in the server certificatate.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 265
attr_accessor :tls_hostname
#tls_verify (rw)
If true, verify th server’s certificate.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 262
attr_accessor :tls_verify
Instance Method Details
    #auth_capable?(type)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 320
def auth_capable?(type) return nil unless @capabilities return false unless @capabilities['AUTH'] @capabilities['AUTH'].include?(type) end
#auth_cram_md5(user, secret)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 860
def auth_cram_md5(user, secret) check_auth_args user, secret res = critical { res0 = get_response('AUTH CRAM-MD5') check_auth_continue res0 crammed = cram_md5_response(secret, res0.cram_md5_challenge) get_response(base64_encode("#{user} #{crammed}")) } check_auth_response res res end
#auth_login(user, secret)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 849
def auth_login(user, secret) check_auth_args user, secret res = critical { check_auth_continue get_response('AUTH LOGIN') check_auth_continue get_response(base64_encode(user)) get_response(base64_encode(secret)) } check_auth_response res res end
#auth_method(type) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 880
def auth_method(type) "auth_#{type.to_s.downcase}".intern end
#auth_plain(user, secret)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 840
def auth_plain(user, secret) check_auth_args user, secret res = critical { get_response('AUTH PLAIN ' + base64_encode("\0#{user}\0#{secret}")) } check_auth_response res res end
#authenticate(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 834
def authenticate(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) check_auth_method authtype check_auth_args user, secret public_send auth_method(authtype), user, secret end
#base64_encode(str) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 893
def base64_encode(str) # expects "str" may not become too long [str].pack('m0') end
    #capable?(key)  ⇒ Boolean 
  
true if the EHLO response contains key.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 294
def capable?(key) return nil unless @capabilities @capabilities[key] ? true : false end
#capable_auth_types
Returns supported authentication methods on this server. You cannot get valid value before opening SMTP session.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 329
def capable_auth_types return [] unless @capabilities return [] unless @capabilities['AUTH'] @capabilities['AUTH'] end
#check_auth_args(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 884
def check_auth_args(user, secret, authtype = DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) unless user raise ArgumentError, 'SMTP-AUTH requested but missing user name' end unless secret raise ArgumentError, 'SMTP-AUTH requested but missing secret phrase' end end
#check_auth_continue(res) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1092
def check_auth_continue(res) unless res.continue? raise res.exception_class.new(res) end end
#check_auth_method(type) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 874
def check_auth_method(type) unless respond_to?(auth_method(type), true) raise ArgumentError, "wrong authentication type #{type}" end end
#check_auth_response(res) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1086
def check_auth_response(res) unless res.success? raise SMTPAuthenticationError.new(res) end end
#check_continue(res) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1080
def check_continue(res) unless res.continue? raise SMTPUnknownError.new(res, message: "could not get 3xx (#{res.status}: #{res.string})") end end
#check_response(res) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1074
def check_response(res) unless res.success? raise res.exception_class.new(res) end end
#cram_md5_response(secret, challenge) (private)
CRAM-MD5: [RFC2195]
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 902
def cram_md5_response(secret, challenge) tmp = digest_class::MD5.digest(cram_secret(secret, IMASK) + challenge) digest_class::MD5.hexdigest(cram_secret(secret, OMASK) + tmp) end
#cram_secret(secret, mask) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 909
def cram_secret(secret, mask) secret = digest_class::MD5.digest(secret) if secret.size > CRAM_BUFSIZE buf = secret.ljust(CRAM_BUFSIZE, "\0") 0.upto(buf.size - 1) do |i| buf[i] = (buf[i].ord ^ mask).chr end buf end
#critical (private)
[ GitHub ]#data(msgstr = nil, &block)
This method sends a message. If msgstr is given, sends it as a message. If block is given, yield a message writer stream. You must write message before the block is closed.
# Example 1 (by string)
smtp.data(<<EndMessage)
From: john@example.com
To: betty@example.com
Subject: I found a bug
Check vm.c:58879.
EndMessage
# Example 2 (by block)
smtp.data {|f|
  f.puts "From: john@example.com"
  f.puts "To: betty@example.com"
  f.puts "Subject: I found a bug"
  f.puts ""
  f.puts "Check vm.c:58879."
}# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 998
def data(msgstr = nil, &block) #:yield: stream if msgstr and block raise ArgumentError, "message and block are exclusive" end unless msgstr or block raise ArgumentError, "message or block is required" end res = critical { check_continue get_response('DATA') socket_sync_bak = @socket.io.sync begin @socket.io.sync = false if msgstr @socket. msgstr else @socket.(&block) end ensure @socket.io.flush @socket.io.sync = socket_sync_bak end recv_response() } check_response res res end
#digest_class (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 631
def digest_class @digest_class ||= if defined?(OpenSSL::Digest) OpenSSL::Digest elsif defined?(::Digest) ::Digest else raise '"openssl" or "digest" library is required' end end
#disable_ssl
Alias for #disable_tls.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 361
alias disable_ssl disable_tls
#disable_starttls
Disables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object. Must be called before the connection is established to have any effect.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 400
def disable_starttls @starttls = false @ssl_context_starttls = nil end
#disable_tls Also known as: #disable_ssl
Disables SMTP/TLS for this object. Must be called before the connection is established to have any effect.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 356
def disable_tls @tls = false @ssl_context_tls = nil end
#do_finish (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 714
def do_finish quit if @socket and not @socket.closed? and not @error_occurred ensure @started = false @error_occurred = false @socket.close if @socket @socket = nil end
#do_helo(helo_domain) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 702
def do_helo(helo_domain) res = @esmtp ? ehlo(helo_domain) : helo(helo_domain) @capabilities = res.capabilities rescue SMTPError if @esmtp @esmtp = false @error_occurred = false retry end raise end
#do_start(helo_domain, user, secret, authtype) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 650
def do_start(helo_domain, user, secret, authtype) raise IOError, 'SMTP session already started' if @started if user or secret check_auth_method(authtype || DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) check_auth_args user, secret end s = tcp_socket(@address, @port) logging "Connection opened: #{@address}:#{@port}" @socket = (tls? ? tlsconnect(s, @ssl_context_tls) : s) check_response critical { recv_response() } do_helo helo_domain if ! tls? and (starttls_always? or (capable_starttls? and starttls_auto?)) unless capable_starttls? raise SMTPUnsupportedCommand, "STARTTLS is not supported on this server" end starttls @socket = (tlsconnect(s, @ssl_context_starttls)) # helo response may be different after STARTTLS do_helo helo_domain end authenticate user, secret, (authtype || DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE) if user @started = true ensure unless @started # authentication failed, cancel connection. s.close if s @socket = nil end end
#ehlo(domain)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 938
def ehlo(domain) getok("EHLO #{domain}") end
#enable_ssl(context = nil)
Alias for #enable_tls.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 352
alias enable_ssl enable_tls
#enable_starttls(context = nil)
Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object. context is a OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext object.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 382
def enable_starttls(context = nil) raise 'openssl library not installed' unless defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) raise ArgumentError, "SMTPS and STARTTLS is exclusive" if @tls @starttls = :always @ssl_context_starttls = context end
#enable_starttls_auto(context = nil)
Enables SMTP/TLS (STARTTLS) for this object if server accepts. context is a OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext object.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 391
def enable_starttls_auto(context = nil) raise 'openssl library not installed' unless defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) raise ArgumentError, "SMTPS and STARTTLS is exclusive" if @tls @starttls = :auto @ssl_context_starttls = context end
#enable_tls(context = nil) Also known as: #enable_ssl
Enables SMTP/TLS (SMTPS: SMTP over direct TLS connection) for this object.  Must be called before the connection is established to have any effect.  context is a OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext object.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 345
def enable_tls(context = nil) raise 'openssl library not installed' unless defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) raise ArgumentError, "SMTPS and STARTTLS is exclusive" if @starttls == :always @tls = true @ssl_context_tls = context end
#esmtp (rw) Also known as: #esmtp?
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 282
attr_accessor :esmtp
#finish
Finishes the SMTP session and closes TCP connection. Raises IOError if not started.
#get_response(reqline) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1048
def get_response(reqline) validate_line reqline @socket.writeline reqline recv_response() end
#getok(reqline) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1038
def getok(reqline) validate_line reqline res = critical { @socket.writeline reqline recv_response() } check_response res res end
#helo(domain)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 934
def helo(domain) getok("HELO #{domain}") end
#inspect
Provide human-readable stringification of class state.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 271
def inspect "#<#{self.class} #{@address}:#{@port} started=#{@started}>" end
#logging(msg)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1177
def logging(msg) @debug_output << msg + "\n" if @debug_output end
#mailfrom(from_addr)
from_addr is String or SMTP::Address
#new_internet_message_io(s) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 697
def (s) InternetMessageIO.new(s, read_timeout: @read_timeout, debug_output: @debug_output) end
#open_message_stream(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block) Also known as: #ready
Opens a message writer stream and gives it to the block. The stream is valid only in the block, and has these methods:
- puts(str = ”)
- 
outputs STR and CR LF. 
- print(str)
- 
outputs STR. 
- printf(fmt, *args)
- 
outputs sprintf(fmt,*args). 
- write(str)
- 
outputs STR and returns the length of written bytes. 
- <<(str)
- 
outputs STR and returns self. 
If a single CR (“r”) or LF (“n”) is found in the message, it is converted to the CR LF pair. You cannot send a binary message with this method.
Parameters
from_addr is a String or SMTP::Address representing the source mail address.
to_addr is a String or SMTP::Address or Array of them, representing the destination mail address or addresses.
Example
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com', 25) do |smtp|
  smtp.('from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']) do |f|
    f.puts 'From: from@example.com'
    f.puts 'To: dest@example.com'
    f.puts 'Subject: test message'
    f.puts
    f.puts 'This is a test message.'
  end
endErrors
This method may raise:
- 
Net::ReadTimeout
- 
IOError 
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 818
def (from_addr, *to_addrs, &block) # :yield: stream raise IOError, 'closed session' unless @socket mailfrom from_addr rcptto_list(to_addrs) {data(&block)} end
#quit
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1025
def quit getok('QUIT') end
#rcptto(to_addr)
to_addr is String or SMTP::Address
#rcptto_list(to_addrs)
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 948
def rcptto_list(to_addrs) raise ArgumentError, 'mail destination not given' if to_addrs.empty? ok_users = [] unknown_users = [] to_addrs.flatten.each do |addr| begin rcptto addr rescue SMTPAuthenticationError unknown_users << addr.to_s.dump else ok_users << addr end end raise ArgumentError, 'mail destination not given' if ok_users.empty? ret = yield unless unknown_users.empty? raise SMTPAuthenticationError, "failed to deliver for #{unknown_users.join(', ')}" end ret end
#ready(from_addr, *to_addrs, &block)
Alias for #open_message_stream.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 824
alias ready # obsolete
#recv_response (private)
[ GitHub ]#rset
Aborts the current mail transaction
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 926
def rset getok('RSET') end
#send_mail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
Alias for #send_message.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 771
alias send_mail
#send_message(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs) Also known as: #send_mail, #sendmail
Sends msgstr as a message.  Single CR (“r”) and LF (“n”) found in the msgstr, are converted into the CR LF pair.  You cannot send a binary message with this method. msgstr should include both the message headers and body.
from_addr is a String or SMTP::Address representing the source mail address.
to_addr is a String or SMTP::Address or Array of them, representing the destination mail address or addresses.
Example
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com') do |smtp|
  smtp. msgstr,
                    'from@example.com',
                    ['dest@example.com', 'dest2@example.com']
end
Net::SMTP.start('smtp.example.com') do |smtp|
  smtp. msgstr,
                    Net::SMTP::Address.new('from@example.com', size: 12345),
                    Net::SMTP::Address.new('dest@example.com', notify: :success)
endErrors
This method may raise:
- 
Net::ReadTimeout
- 
IOError 
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 765
def (msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs) raise IOError, 'closed session' unless @socket mailfrom from_addr rcptto_list(to_addrs) {data msgstr} end
#sendmail(msgstr, from_addr, *to_addrs)
Alias for #send_message.
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 772
alias sendmail # obsolete
#ssl_socket(socket, context) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 680
def ssl_socket(socket, context) OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.new socket, context end
    
      #start(helo: 'localhost', user: nil, secret: nil, authtype: nil) {|smtp| ... } 
      #start(helo = 'localhost', user = nil, secret = nil, authtype = nil) {|smtp| ... } 
    
  
Opens a TCP connection and starts the SMTP session.
Parameters
#helo is the HELO domain that you’ll dispatch mails from; see the discussion in the overview notes.
If both of user and secret are given, SMTP authentication will be attempted using the AUTH command.  authtype specifies the type of authentication to attempt; it must be one of :login, :plain, and :cram_md5.  See the notes on SMTP Authentication in the overview.
Block Usage
When this methods is called with a block, the newly-started SMTP object is yielded to the block, and automatically closed after the block call finishes.  Otherwise, it is the caller’s responsibility to close the session when finished.
Example
This is very similar to the class method .start.
require 'net/smtp'
smtp = Net::SMTP.new('smtp.mail.server', 25)
smtp.start(helo: helo_domain, user: account, secret: password, authtype: authtype) do |smtp|
  smtp. msgstr, 'from@example.com', ['dest@example.com']
endThe primary use of this method (as opposed to .start) is probably to set debugging (#set_debug_output) or ESMTP (#esmtp=), which must be done before the session is started.
Errors
If session has already been started, an IOError will be raised.
This method may raise:
- 
Net::OpenTimeout
- 
Net::ReadTimeout
- 
IOError 
# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 591
def start(*args, helo: nil, user: nil, secret: nil, password: nil, authtype: nil) raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments (given #{args.size}, expected 0..4)" if args.size > 4 helo ||= args[0] || 'localhost' user ||= args[1] secret ||= password || args[2] authtype ||= args[3] if defined?(OpenSSL::VERSION) ssl_context_params = @ssl_context_params || {} unless ssl_context_params.has_key?(:verify_mode) ssl_context_params[:verify_mode] = @tls_verify ? OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER : OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE end if @tls && @ssl_context_tls.nil? @ssl_context_tls = SMTP.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params) end if @starttls && @ssl_context_starttls.nil? @ssl_context_starttls = SMTP.default_ssl_context(ssl_context_params) end end if block_given? begin do_start helo, user, secret, authtype return yield(self) ensure do_finish end else do_start helo, user, secret, authtype return self end end
#starttls (readonly)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 930
def starttls getok('STARTTLS') end
#tcp_socket(address, port) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 641
def tcp_socket(address, port) begin Socket.tcp address, port, nil, nil, connect_timeout: @open_timeout rescue Errno::ETIMEDOUT #raise Net:OpenTimeout instead for compatibility with previous versions raise Net::OpenTimeout, "Timeout to open TCP connection to "\ "#{address}:#{port} (exceeds #{@open_timeout} seconds)" end end
#tlsconnect(s, context) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 684
def tlsconnect(s, context) verified = false s = ssl_socket(s, context) logging "TLS connection started" s.sync_close = true s.hostname = @tls_hostname || @address ssl_socket_connect(s, @open_timeout) verified = true s ensure s.close unless verified end
#validate_line(line) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/net/smtp.rb', line 1031
def validate_line(line) # A bare CR or LF is not allowed in RFC5321. if /[\r\n]/ =~ line raise ArgumentError, "A line must not contain CR or LF" end end