Module: FileUtils
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Classes:
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Included In:
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Class Chain:
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Instance Chain:
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| Defined in: | lib/fileutils.rb |
Overview
fileutils.rb
Copyright © 2000-2007 Minero Aoki
This program is free software. You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
module FileUtils
Namespace for several file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc.
Module Functions
require 'fileutils'
FileUtils.cd(dir, **)
FileUtils.cd(dir, **) {|dir| block }
FileUtils.pwd()
FileUtils.mkdir(dir, **)
FileUtils.mkdir(list, **)
FileUtils.mkdir_p(dir, **)
FileUtils.mkdir_p(list, **)
FileUtils.rmdir(dir, **)
FileUtils.rmdir(list, **)
FileUtils.ln(target, link, **)
FileUtils.ln(targets, dir, **)
FileUtils.ln_s(target, link, **)
FileUtils.ln_s(targets, dir, **)
FileUtils.ln_sf(target, link, **)
FileUtils.cp(src, dest, **)
FileUtils.cp(list, dir, **)
FileUtils.cp_r(src, dest, **)
FileUtils.cp_r(list, dir, **)
FileUtils.mv(src, dest, **)
FileUtils.mv(list, dir, **)
FileUtils.rm(list, **)
FileUtils.rm_r(list, **)
FileUtils.rm_rf(list, **)
FileUtils.install(src, dest, **)
FileUtils.chmod(mode, list, **)
FileUtils.chmod_R(mode, list, **)
FileUtils.chown(user, group, list, **)
FileUtils.chown_R(user, group, list, **)
FileUtils.touch(list, **)
Possible .options are:
:force-
forced operation (rewrite files if exist, remove directories if not empty, etc.);
:verbose-
print command to be run, in bash syntax, before performing it;
:preserve-
preserve object’s group, user and modification time on copying;
:noop-
no changes are made (usable in combination with
:verbosewhich will print the command to run)
Each method documents the options that it honours. See also .commands, .options and .options_of methods to introspect which command have which options.
All methods that have the concept of a “source” file or directory can take either one file or a list of files in that argument. See the method documentation for examples.
There are some ‘low level’ methods, which do not accept keyword arguments:
FileUtils.copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
FileUtils.copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true)
FileUtils.copy_stream(srcstream, deststream)
FileUtils.remove_entry(path, force = false)
FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path, force = false)
FileUtils.remove_file(path, force = false)
FileUtils.compare_file(path_a, path_b)
FileUtils.compare_stream(stream_a, stream_b)
FileUtils.uptodate?(file, cmp_list)
module Verbose
This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but it outputs messages before acting. This equates to passing the :verbose flag to methods in FileUtils.
module NoWrite
This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes files/directories. This equates to passing the :noop flag to methods in FileUtils.
module DryRun
This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes files/directories. This equates to passing the :noop and :verbose flags to methods in FileUtils.
Constant Summary
-
LOW_METHODS =
Internal use only
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1694singleton_methods(false) - collect_method(:noop).map(&:intern)
-
METHODS =
Internal use only
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1701singleton_methods() - [:private_module_function, # :nodoc: :commands, :, :have_option?, :, :collect_method]
-
OPT_TABLE =
Internal use only
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1635
This hash table holds command options.
{} -
VERSION =
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 105"1.5.0"
Class Method Summary
-
.collect_method(opt)
Returns an Array of methods names which have the option
opt. -
.commands
Returns an Array of names of high-level methods that accept any keyword arguments.
-
.have_option?(mid, opt) ⇒ Boolean
Returns true if the method
midhave an optionopt. -
.options
Returns an Array of option names.
-
.options_of(mid)
Returns an Array of option names of the method
mid. -
.cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block)
(also: #chdir)
mod_func
Changes the current directory to the directory
dir. -
.chdir(dir, verbose: nil, &block)
mod_func
Alias for #cd.
-
.chmod(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Changes permission bits on the named files (in
list) to the bit pattern represented bymode. -
.chmod_R(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
mod_func
Changes permission bits on the named files (in
list) to the bit pattern represented bymode. -
.chown(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Changes owner and group on the named files (in
list) to the useruserand the groupgroup. -
.chown_R(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
mod_func
Changes owner and group on the named files (in
list) to the useruserand the groupgrouprecursively. -
.cmp(a, b)
mod_func
Alias for #compare_file.
-
.compare_file(a, b)
(also: #identical?, #cmp)
mod_func
Returns true if the contents of a file
aand a filebare identical. -
.compare_stream(a, b)
mod_func
Returns true if the contents of a stream
aandbare identical. -
.copy(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #cp.
-
.copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
mod_func
Copies a file system entry
srctodest. -
.copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true)
mod_func
Copies file contents of
srctodest. -
.copy_stream(src, dest)
mod_func
Copies stream
srctodest. -
.cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
(also: #copy)
mod_func
Copies a file content
srctodest. -
.cp_lr(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil, dereference_root: true, remove_destination: false)
mod_func
Hard link
srctodest. -
.cp_r(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, dereference_root: true, remove_destination: nil)
mod_func
Copies
srctodest. -
.getwd
mod_func
Alias for #pwd.
-
.identical?(a, b)
mod_func
Alias for #compare_file.
-
.install(src, dest, mode: nil, owner: nil, group: nil, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
If
srcis not same asdest, copies it and changes the permission mode tomode. -
.link(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #ln.
-
.link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
mod_func
Hard links a file system entry
srctodest. -
.ln(target, link, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
(also: #link)
mod_func
In the first form, creates a hard link .link which points to
target. -
.ln_s(target, link, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
(also: #symlink)
mod_func
In the first form, creates a symbolic link .link which points to
target. -
.ln_sf(*args)
mod_func
Same as.
-
.makedirs(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #mkdir_p.
-
.mkdir(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Creates one or more directories.
-
.mkdir_p(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
(also: #mkpath, #makedirs)
mod_func
Creates a directory and all its parent directories.
-
.mkpath(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #mkdir_p.
-
.move(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #mv.
-
.mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
(also: #move)
mod_func
Moves file(s)
srctodest. -
.pwd
(also: #getwd)
mod_func
Returns the name of the current directory.
-
.remove(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #rm.
-
.remove_dir(path, force = false)
mod_func
Removes a directory
dirand its contents recursively. -
.remove_entry(path, force = false)
mod_func
This method removes a file system entry
path. -
.remove_entry_secure(path, force = false)
mod_func
This method removes a file system entry
path. -
.remove_file(path, force = false)
mod_func
Removes a file
path. -
.rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
(also: #remove)
mod_func
Remove file(s) specified in
list. -
.rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
(also: #safe_unlink)
mod_func
Equivalent to.
-
.rm_r(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
mod_func
remove files
listlist… -
.rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
(also: #rmtree)
mod_func
Equivalent to.
-
.rmdir(list, parents: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Removes one or more directories.
-
.rmtree(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #rm_rf.
-
.safe_unlink(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #rm_f.
-
.symlink(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
mod_func
Alias for #ln_s.
-
.touch(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, mtime: nil, nocreate: nil)
mod_func
Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in
list. -
.uptodate?(new, old_list) ⇒ Boolean
mod_func
Returns true if
newis newer than allold_list. - .private_module_function(name) Internal use only
StreamUtils_ - Extended
Instance Attribute Summary
- #fu_have_symlink? ⇒ Boolean readonly Internal use only
Instance Method Summary
- #apply_mask(mode, user_mask, op, mode_mask) Internal use only
- #fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) Internal use only
- #fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) Internal use only
- #fu_get_gid(group) Internal use only
- #fu_get_uid(user) Internal use only
-
#fu_list(arg)
Internal use only
class
Entry_. - #fu_mkdir(path, mode) Internal use only
- #fu_mode(mode, path) Internal use only
- #fu_output_message(msg) Internal use only
- #fu_same?(a, b) ⇒ Boolean Internal use only
- #fu_stat_identical_entry?(a, b) ⇒ Boolean Internal use only
- #mode_to_s(mode) Internal use only
- #remove_trailing_slash(dir) Internal use only
- #symbolic_modes_to_i(mode_sym, path) Internal use only
- #user_mask(target) Internal use only
StreamUtils_ - Included
Class Method Details
.cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block) (mod_func) Also known as: #chdir
Changes the current directory to the directory dir.
If this method is called with block, resumes to the previous working directory after the block execution has finished.
FileUtils.cd('/') # change directory
FileUtils.cd('/', verbose: true) # change directory and report it
FileUtils.cd('/') do # change directory
# ... # do something
end # return to original directory
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 137
def cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block) # :yield: dir "cd #{dir}" if verbose result = Dir.chdir(dir, &block) 'cd -' if verbose and block result end
.chdir(dir, verbose: nil, &block) (mod_func)
Alias for #cd.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 145
alias chdir cd
.chmod(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Changes permission bits on the named files (in list) to the bit pattern represented by mode.
mode is the symbolic and absolute mode can be used.
Absolute mode is
FileUtils.chmod 0755, 'somecommand'
FileUtils.chmod 0644, %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb)
FileUtils.chmod 0755, '/usr/bin/ruby', verbose: true
Symbolic mode is
FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", 'somecommand'
FileUtils.chmod "u=wr,go=rr", %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb)
FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", '/usr/bin/ruby', verbose: true
- “a”
-
is user, group, other mask.
- “u”
-
is user’s mask.
- “g”
-
is group’s mask.
- “o”
-
is other’s mask.
- “w”
-
is write permission.
- “r”
-
is read permission.
- “x”
-
is execute permission.
- “X”
-
is execute permission for directories only, must be used in conjunction with “+”
- “s”
-
is uid, gid.
- “t”
-
is sticky bit.
- “+”
-
is added to a class given the specified mode.
- “-”
-
Is removed from a given class given mode.
- “=”
-
Is the exact nature of the class will be given a specified mode.
.chmod_R(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil) (mod_func)
Changes permission bits on the named files (in list) to the bit pattern represented by mode.
FileUtils.chmod_R 0700, "/tmp/app.#{$$}"
FileUtils.chmod_R "u=wrx", "/tmp/app.#{$$}"
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1029
def chmod_R(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil) list = fu_list(list) sprintf('chmod -R%s %s %s', (force ? 'f' : ''), mode_to_s(mode), list.join(' ')) if verbose return if noop list.each do |root| Entry_.new(root).traverse do |ent| begin ent.chmod(fu_mode(mode, ent.path)) rescue raise unless force end end end end
.chown(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Changes owner and group on the named files (in list) to the user user and the group group. user and group may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String). If user or group is nil, this method does not change the attribute.
FileUtils.chown 'root', 'staff', '/usr/local/bin/ruby'
FileUtils.chown nil, 'bin', Dir.glob('/usr/bin/*'), verbose: true
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1057
def chown(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil) list = fu_list(list) sprintf('chown %s %s', (group ? "#{user}:#{group}" : user || ':'), list.join(' ')) if verbose return if noop uid = fu_get_uid(user) gid = fu_get_gid(group) list.each do |path| Entry_.new(path).chown uid, gid end end
.chown_R(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil) (mod_func)
Changes owner and group on the named files (in list) to the user user and the group group recursively. user and group may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String). If user or group is nil, this method does not change the attribute.
FileUtils.chown_R 'www', 'www', '/var/www/htdocs'
FileUtils.chown_R 'cvs', 'cvs', '/var/cvs', verbose: true
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1081
def chown_R(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil) list = fu_list(list) sprintf('chown -R%s %s %s', (force ? 'f' : ''), (group ? "#{user}:#{group}" : user || ':'), list.join(' ')) if verbose return if noop uid = fu_get_uid(user) gid = fu_get_gid(group) list.each do |root| Entry_.new(root).traverse do |ent| begin ent.chown uid, gid rescue raise unless force end end end end
.cmp(a, b) (mod_func)
Alias for #compare_file.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 830
alias cmp compare_file
.collect_method(opt)
Returns an Array of methods names which have the option opt.
p FileUtils.collect_method(:preserve) #=> ["cp", "cp_r", "copy", "install"]
.commands
Returns an Array of names of high-level methods that accept any keyword arguments.
p FileUtils.commands #=> ["chmod", "cp", "cp_r", "install", ...]
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1649
def self.commands OPT_TABLE.keys end
.compare_file(a, b) (mod_func) Also known as: #identical?, #cmp
Returns true if the contents of a file a and a file b are identical.
FileUtils.compare_file('somefile', 'somefile') #=> true
FileUtils.compare_file('/dev/null', '/dev/urandom') #=> false
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 819
def compare_file(a, b) return false unless File.size(a) == File.size(b) File.open(a, 'rb') {|fa| File.open(b, 'rb') {|fb| return compare_stream(fa, fb) } } end
.compare_stream(a, b) (mod_func)
Returns true if the contents of a stream a and b are identical.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 837
def compare_stream(a, b) bsize = fu_stream_blksize(a, b) if RUBY_VERSION > "2.4" sa = String.new(capacity: bsize) sb = String.new(capacity: bsize) else sa = String.new sb = String.new end begin a.read(bsize, sa) b.read(bsize, sb) return true if sa.empty? && sb.empty? end while sa == sb false end
.copy(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #cp.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 438
alias copy cp
.copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) (mod_func)
Copies a file system entry src to dest. If src is a directory, this method copies its contents recursively. This method preserves file types, c.f. symlink, directory… (FIFO, device files and etc. are not supported yet)
Both of src and dest must be a path name. src must exist, dest must not exist.
If preserve is true, this method preserves owner, group, and modified time. Permissions are copied regardless preserve.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereference tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 492
def copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) if dereference_root src = File.realpath(src) end Entry_.new(src, nil, false).wrap_traverse(proc do |ent| destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false) File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && (File.file?(destent.path) || File.symlink?(destent.path)) ent.copy destent.path end, proc do |ent| destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false) ent. destent.path if preserve end) end
.copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true) (mod_func)
Copies file contents of src to dest. Both of src and dest must be a path name.
.copy_stream(src, dest) (mod_func)
Copies stream src to dest. src must respond to #read(n) and dest must respond to #write(str).
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 524
def copy_stream(src, dest) IO.copy_stream(src, dest) end
.cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func) Also known as: #copy
Copies a file content src to dest. If dest is a directory, copies src to dest/src.
If src is a list of files, then dest must be a directory.
FileUtils.cp 'eval.c', 'eval.c.org'
FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6'
FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6', verbose: true
FileUtils.cp 'symlink', 'dest' # copy content, "dest" is not a symlink
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 429
def cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) "cp#{preserve ? ' -p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| copy_file s, d, preserve end end
.cp_lr(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil, dereference_root: true, remove_destination: false) (mod_func)
Hard link src to dest. If src is a directory, this method links all its contents recursively. If dest is a directory, links src to dest/src.
src can be a list of files.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereference tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', force: true
FileUtils.cp_lr 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib'
# Examples of linking several files to target directory.
FileUtils.cp_lr %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail'
FileUtils.cp_lr Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', noop: true, verbose: true
# If you want to link all contents of a directory instead of the
# directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y,
# use the following code.
FileUtils.cp_lr 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_lr('src', 'dest') makes dest/src, but this doesn't.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 342
def cp_lr(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil, dereference_root: true, remove_destination: false) "cp -lr#{remove_destination ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| link_entry s, d, dereference_root, remove_destination end end
.cp_r(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, dereference_root: true, remove_destination: nil) (mod_func)
Copies src to dest. If src is a directory, this method copies all its contents recursively. If dest is a directory, copies src to dest/src.
src can be a list of files.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereference tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# Installing Ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby
FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', force: true
FileUtils.cp_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib'
# Examples of copying several files to target directory.
FileUtils.cp_r %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail'
FileUtils.cp_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/foo/lib/ruby', noop: true, verbose: true
# If you want to copy all contents of a directory instead of the
# directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y,
# use following code.
FileUtils.cp_r 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_r('src', 'dest') makes dest/src,
# but this doesn't.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 466
def cp_r(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, dereference_root: true, remove_destination: nil) "cp -r#{preserve ? 'p' : ''}#{remove_destination ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| copy_entry s, d, preserve, dereference_root, remove_destination end end
.getwd (mod_func)
Alias for #pwd.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 120
alias getwd pwd
.have_option?(mid, opt) ⇒ Boolean
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1669
def self.have_option?(mid, opt) li = OPT_TABLE[mid.to_s] or raise ArgumentError, "no such method: #{mid}" li.include?(opt) end
.identical?(a, b) (mod_func)
Alias for #compare_file.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 829
alias identical? compare_file
.install(src, dest, mode: nil, owner: nil, group: nil, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
If src is not same as dest, copies it and changes the permission mode to mode. If dest is a directory, destination is dest/src. This method removes destination before copy.
FileUtils.install 'ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby', mode: 0755, verbose: true
FileUtils.install 'lib.rb', '/usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby', verbose: true
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 865
def install(src, dest, mode: nil, owner: nil, group: nil, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) if verbose msg = +"install -c" msg << ' -p' if preserve msg << ' -m ' << mode_to_s(mode) if mode msg << " -o #{owner}" if owner msg << " -g #{group}" if group msg << ' ' << [src,dest].flatten.join(' ') msg end return if noop uid = fu_get_uid(owner) gid = fu_get_gid(group) fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| st = File.stat(s) unless File.exist?(d) and compare_file(s, d) remove_file d, true copy_file s, d File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d if preserve File.chmod fu_mode(mode, st), d if mode File.chown uid, gid, d if uid or gid end end end
.link(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #ln.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 316
alias link ln
.link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) (mod_func)
Hard links a file system entry src to dest. If src is a directory, this method links its contents recursively.
Both of src and dest must be a path name. src must exist, dest must not exist.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereferences the tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 409
def link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).traverse do |ent| destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false) File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && File.file?(destent.path) ent.link destent.path end end
.ln(target, link, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
.ln(target, dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
.ln(targets, dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
Also known as: #link
In the first form, creates a hard link .link which points to target. If .link already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST. But if the force option is set, overwrites .link.
FileUtils.ln 'gcc', 'cc', verbose: true
FileUtils.ln '/usr/bin/emacs21', '/usr/bin/emacs'
In the second form, creates a link dir/target pointing to target. In the third form, creates several hard links in the directory dir, pointing to each item in targets. If dir is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
FileUtils.cd '/sbin'
FileUtils.ln %w(cp mv mkdir), '/bin' # Now /sbin/cp and /bin/cp are linked.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 306
def ln(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) "ln#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d| remove_file d, true if force File.link s, d end end
.ln_s(target, link, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
.ln_s(target, dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
.ln_s(targets, dir, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
Also known as: #symlink
In the first form, creates a symbolic link .link which points to target. If .link already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST. But if the force option is set, overwrites .link.
FileUtils.ln_s '/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby'
FileUtils.ln_s 'verylongsourcefilename.c', 'c', force: true
In the second form, creates a link dir/target pointing to target. In the third form, creates several symbolic links in the directory dir, pointing to each item in targets. If dir is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
FileUtils.ln_s Dir.glob('/bin/*.rb'), '/home/foo/bin'
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 372
def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) "ln -s#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d| remove_file d, true if force File.symlink s, d end end
.ln_sf(*args) (mod_func)
Same as
FileUtils.ln_s(*args, force: true)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 393
def ln_sf(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil) ln_s src, dest, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose end
.makedirs(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #mkdir_p.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 243
alias makedirs mkdir_p
.mkdir(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Creates one or more directories.
FileUtils.mkdir 'test'
FileUtils.mkdir %w(tmp data)
FileUtils.mkdir 'notexist', noop: true # Does not really create.
FileUtils.mkdir 'tmp', mode: 0700
.mkdir_p(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func) Also known as: #mkpath, #makedirs
Creates a directory and all its parent directories. For example,
FileUtils.mkdir_p '/usr/local/lib/ruby'
causes to make following directories, if they do not exist.
-
/usr
-
/usr/local
-
/usr/local/lib
-
/usr/local/lib/ruby
You can pass several directories at a time in a list.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 206
def mkdir_p(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) list = fu_list(list) "mkdir -p #{mode ? ('-m %03o ' % mode) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose return *list if noop list.each do |item| path = remove_trailing_slash(item) # optimize for the most common case begin fu_mkdir path, mode next rescue SystemCallError next if File.directory?(path) end stack = [] until path == stack.last # dirname("/")=="/", dirname("C:/")=="C:/" stack.push path path = File.dirname(path) break if File.directory?(path) end stack.pop if path == stack.last # root directory should exist stack.reverse_each do |dir| begin fu_mkdir dir, mode rescue SystemCallError raise unless File.directory?(dir) end end end return *list end
.mkpath(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #mkdir_p.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 242
alias mkpath mkdir_p
.move(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #mv.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 568
alias move mv
.mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) (mod_func) Also known as: #move
Moves file(s) src to dest. If file and dest exist on the different disk partition, the file is copied then the original file is removed.
FileUtils.mv 'badname.rb', 'goodname.rb'
FileUtils.mv 'stuff.rb', '/notexist/lib/ruby', force: true # no error
FileUtils.mv %w(junk.txt dust.txt), '/home/foo/.trash/'
FileUtils.mv Dir.glob('test*.rb'), 'test', noop: true, verbose: true
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 539
def mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) "mv#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| destent = Entry_.new(d, nil, true) begin if destent.exist? if destent.directory? raise Errno::EEXIST, d end end begin File.rename s, d rescue Errno::EXDEV, Errno::EPERM # move from unencrypted to encrypted dir (ext4) copy_entry s, d, true if secure remove_entry_secure s, force else remove_entry s, force end end rescue SystemCallError raise unless force end end end
.options
Returns an Array of option names.
p FileUtils. #=> ["noop", "force", "verbose", "preserve", "mode"]
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1658
def self. OPT_TABLE.values.flatten.uniq.map {|sym| sym.to_s } end
.options_of(mid)
Returns an Array of option names of the method mid.
p FileUtils.(:rm) #=> ["noop", "verbose", "force"]
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1679
def self.(mid) OPT_TABLE[mid.to_s].map {|sym| sym.to_s } end
.private_module_function(name)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 107
def self.private_module_function(name) #:nodoc: module_function name private_class_method name end
.pwd (mod_func) Also known as: #getwd
Returns the name of the current directory.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 115
def pwd Dir.pwd end
.remove(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #rm.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 590
alias remove rm
.remove_dir(path, force = false) (mod_func)
Removes a directory dir and its contents recursively. This method ignores StandardError if force is true.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 808
def remove_dir(path, force = false) remove_entry path, force # FIXME?? check if it is a directory end
.remove_entry(path, force = false) (mod_func)
This method removes a file system entry path. path might be a regular file, a directory, or something. If path is a directory, remove it recursively.
See also remove_entry_secure.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 780
def remove_entry(path, force = false) Entry_.new(path).postorder_traverse do |ent| begin ent.remove rescue raise unless force end end rescue raise unless force end
.remove_entry_secure(path, force = false) (mod_func)
This method removes a file system entry path. path shall be a regular file, a directory, or something. If path is a directory, remove it recursively. This method is required to avoid TOCTTOU (time-of-check-to-time-of-use) local security vulnerability of rm_r. #rm_r causes security hole when:
-
Parent directory is world writable (including /tmp).
-
Removing directory tree includes world writable directory.
-
The system has symbolic link.
To avoid this security hole, this method applies special preprocess. If path is a directory, this method chown(2) and chmod(2) all removing directories. This requires the current process is the owner of the removing whole directory tree, or is the super user (root).
WARNING: You must ensure that ALL parent directories cannot be moved by other untrusted users. For example, parent directories should not be owned by untrusted users, and should not be world writable except when the sticky bit set.
WARNING: Only the owner of the removing directory tree, or Unix super user (root) should invoke this method. Otherwise this method does not work.
For details of this security vulnerability, see Perl’s case:
For fileutils.rb, this vulnerability is reported in [ruby-dev:26100].
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 687
def remove_entry_secure(path, force = false) unless fu_have_symlink? remove_entry path, force return end fullpath = File.(path) st = File.lstat(fullpath) unless st.directory? File.unlink fullpath return end # is a directory. parent_st = File.stat(File.dirname(fullpath)) unless parent_st.world_writable? remove_entry path, force return end unless parent_st.sticky? raise ArgumentError, "parent directory is world writable, FileUtils#remove_entry_secure does not work; abort: #{path.inspect} (parent directory mode #{'%o' % parent_st.mode})" end # freeze tree root euid = Process.euid dot_file = fullpath + "/." begin File.open(dot_file) {|f| unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, f.stat) # symlink (TOC-to-TOU attack?) File.unlink fullpath return end f.chown euid, -1 f.chmod 0700 } rescue Errno::EISDIR # JRuby in non-native mode can't open files as dirs File.lstat(dot_file).tap {|fstat| unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, fstat) # symlink (TOC-to-TOU attack?) File.unlink fullpath return end File.chown euid, -1, dot_file File.chmod 0700, dot_file } end unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, File.lstat(fullpath)) # TOC-to-TOU attack? File.unlink fullpath return end # ---- tree root is frozen ---- root = Entry_.new(path) root.preorder_traverse do |ent| if ent.directory? ent.chown euid, -1 ent.chmod 0700 end end root.postorder_traverse do |ent| begin ent.remove rescue raise unless force end end rescue raise unless force end
.remove_file(path, force = false) (mod_func)
Removes a file path. This method ignores StandardError if force is true.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 797
def remove_file(path, force = false) Entry_.new(path).remove_file rescue raise unless force end
.rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func) Also known as: #remove
Remove file(s) specified in list. This method cannot remove directories. All StandardErrors are ignored when the :force option is set.
FileUtils.rm %w( junk.txt dust.txt )
FileUtils.rm Dir.glob('*.so')
FileUtils.rm 'NotExistFile', force: true # never raises exception
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 579
def rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) list = fu_list(list) "rm#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop list.each do |path| remove_file path, force end end
.rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func) Also known as: #safe_unlink
Equivalent to
FileUtils.rm(list, force: true)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 598
def rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil) rm list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose end
.rm_r(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) (mod_func)
remove files list list… If list is a directory, removes its all contents recursively. This method ignores StandardError when :force option is set.
FileUtils.rm_r Dir.glob('/tmp/*')
FileUtils.rm_r 'some_dir', force: true
WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability if one of parent directories or removing directory tree are world writable (including /tmp, whose permission is 1777), and the current process has strong privilege such as Unix super user (root), and the system has symbolic link. For secure removing, read the documentation of remove_entry_secure carefully, and set :secure option to true. Default is secure: false.
NOTE: This method calls remove_entry_secure if :secure option is set. See also remove_entry_secure.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 625
def rm_r(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) list = fu_list(list) "rm -r#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop list.each do |path| if secure remove_entry_secure path, force else remove_entry path, force end end end
.rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) (mod_func) Also known as: #rmtree
Equivalent to
FileUtils.rm_r(list, force: true)
WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability. Read the documentation of rm_r first.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 647
def rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) rm_r list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose, secure: secure end
.rmdir(list, parents: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Removes one or more directories.
FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir'
FileUtils.rmdir %w(somedir anydir otherdir)
# Does not really remove directory; outputs message.
FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir', verbose: true, noop: true
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 266
def rmdir(list, parents: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) list = fu_list(list) "rmdir #{parents ? '-p ' : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose return if noop list.each do |dir| Dir.rmdir(dir = remove_trailing_slash(dir)) if parents begin until (parent = File.dirname(dir)) == '.' or parent == dir dir = parent Dir.rmdir(dir) end rescue Errno::ENOTEMPTY, Errno::EEXIST, Errno::ENOENT end end end end
.rmtree(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #rm_rf.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 652
alias rmtree rm_rf
.safe_unlink(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #rm_f.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 603
alias safe_unlink rm_f
.symlink(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil) (mod_func)
Alias for #ln_s.
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 382
alias symlink ln_s
.touch(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, mtime: nil, nocreate: nil) (mod_func)
Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in list. Files are created if they don’t exist.
FileUtils.touch 'timestamp'
FileUtils.touch Dir.glob('*.c'); system 'make'
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1137
def touch(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, mtime: nil, nocreate: nil) list = fu_list(list) t = mtime if verbose "touch #{nocreate ? '-c ' : ''}#{t ? t.strftime('-t %Y%m%d%H%M.%S ') : ''}#{list.join ' '}" end return if noop list.each do |path| created = nocreate begin File.utime(t, t, path) rescue Errno::ENOENT raise if created File.open(path, 'a') { ; } created = true retry if t end end end
.uptodate?(new, old_list) ⇒ Boolean (mod_func)
Returns true if new is newer than all old_list. Non-existent files are older than any file.
FileUtils.uptodate?('hello.o', %w(hello.c hello.h)) or \
system 'make hello.o'
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 155
def uptodate?(new, old_list) return false unless File.exist?(new) new_time = File.mtime(new) old_list.each do |old| if File.exist?(old) return false unless new_time > File.mtime(old) end end true end
Instance Attribute Details
#fu_have_symlink? ⇒ Boolean (readonly)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 759
def fu_have_symlink? #:nodoc: File.symlink nil, nil rescue NotImplementedError return false rescue TypeError return true end
Instance Method Details
#apply_mask(mode, user_mask, op, mode_mask)
#fu_each_src_dest(src, dest)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1594
def fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) #:nodoc: fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s, d| raise ArgumentError, "same file: #{s} and #{d}" if fu_same?(s, d) yield s, d end end
#fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1602
def fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) #:nodoc: if tmp = Array.try_convert(src) tmp.each do |s| s = File.path(s) yield s, File.join(dest, File.basename(s)) end else src = File.path(src) if File.directory?(dest) yield src, File.join(dest, File.basename(src)) else yield src, File.path(dest) end end end
#fu_get_gid(group)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1116
def fu_get_gid(group) #:nodoc: return nil unless group case group when Integer group when /\A\d+\z/ group.to_i else require 'etc' Etc.getgrnam(group) ? Etc.getgrnam(group).gid : nil end end
#fu_get_uid(user)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1102
def fu_get_uid(user) #:nodoc: return nil unless user case user when Integer user when /\A\d+\z/ user.to_i else require 'etc' Etc.getpwnam(user) ? Etc.getpwnam(user).uid : nil end end
#fu_list(arg)
class ::FileUtils::Entry_
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1589
def fu_list(arg) #:nodoc: [arg].flatten.map {|path| File.path(path) } end
#fu_mkdir(path, mode)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 247
def fu_mkdir(path, mode) #:nodoc: path = remove_trailing_slash(path) if mode Dir.mkdir path, mode File.chmod mode, path else Dir.mkdir path end end
#fu_mode(mode, path)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 971
def fu_mode(mode, path) #:nodoc: mode.is_a?(String) ? symbolic_modes_to_i(mode, path) : mode end
#fu_output_message(msg)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1624
def (msg) #:nodoc: output = @fileutils_output if defined?(@fileutils_output) output ||= $stdout if defined?(@fileutils_label) msg = @fileutils_label + msg end output.puts msg end
#fu_same?(a, b) ⇒ Boolean
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 1619
def fu_same?(a, b) #:nodoc: File.identical?(a, b) end
#fu_stat_identical_entry?(a, b) ⇒ Boolean
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 768
def fu_stat_identical_entry?(a, b) #:nodoc: a.dev == b.dev and a.ino == b.ino end
#mode_to_s(mode)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 976
def mode_to_s(mode) #:nodoc: mode.is_a?(String) ? mode : "%o" % mode end
#remove_trailing_slash(dir)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 167
def remove_trailing_slash(dir) #:nodoc: dir == '/' ? dir : dir.chomp(?/) end
#symbolic_modes_to_i(mode_sym, path)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 922
def symbolic_modes_to_i(mode_sym, path) #:nodoc: path = File.stat(path) unless File::Stat === path mode = path.mode mode_sym.split(/,/).inject(mode & 07777) do |current_mode, clause| target, *actions = clause.split(/([=+-])/) raise ArgumentError, "invalid file mode: #{mode_sym}" if actions.empty? target = 'a' if target.empty? user_mask = user_mask(target) actions.each_slice(2) do |op, perm| need_apply = op == '=' mode_mask = (perm || '').each_char.inject(0) do |mask, chr| case chr when "r" mask | 0444 when "w" mask | 0222 when "x" mask | 0111 when "X" if path.directory? mask | 0111 else mask end when "s" mask | 06000 when "t" mask | 01000 when "u", "g", "o" if mask.nonzero? current_mode = apply_mask(current_mode, user_mask, op, mask) end need_apply = false copy_mask = user_mask(chr) (current_mode & copy_mask) / (copy_mask & 0111) * (user_mask & 0111) else raise ArgumentError, "invalid `perm' symbol in file mode: #{chr}" end end if mode_mask.nonzero? || need_apply current_mode = apply_mask(current_mode, user_mask, op, mode_mask) end end current_mode end end
#user_mask(target)
# File 'lib/fileutils.rb', line 892
def user_mask(target) #:nodoc: target.each_char.inject(0) do |mask, chr| case chr when "u" mask | 04700 when "g" mask | 02070 when "o" mask | 01007 when "a" mask | 07777 else raise ArgumentError, "invalid `who' symbol in file mode: #{chr}" end end end