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Class: Pathname

Overview

Pathname represents the name of a file or directory on the filesystem, but not the file itself.

The pathname depends on the Operating System: Unix, Windows, etc. This library works with pathnames of local OS, however non-Unix pathnames are supported experimentally.

A Pathname can be relative or absolute. It's not until you try to reference the file that it even matters whether the file exists or not.

Pathname is immutable. It has no method for destructive update.

The goal of this class is to manipulate file path information in a neater way than standard Ruby provides. The examples below demonstrate the difference.

All functionality from File, FileTest, and some from Dir and FileUtils is included, in an unsurprising way. It is essentially a facade for all of these, and more.

Examples

Example 1: Using Pathname

require 'pathname'
pn = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby")
size = pn.size              # 27662
isdir = pn.directory?       # false
dir  = pn.dirname           # Pathname:/usr/bin
base = pn.basename          # Pathname:ruby
dir, base = pn.split        # [Pathname:/usr/bin, Pathname:ruby]
data = pn.read
pn.open { |f| _ }
pn.each_line { |line| _ }

Example 2: Using standard Ruby

pn = "/usr/bin/ruby"
size = File.size(pn)        # 27662
isdir = File.directory?(pn) # false
dir  = File.dirname(pn)     # "/usr/bin"
base = File.basename(pn)    # "ruby"
dir, base = File.split(pn)  # ["/usr/bin", "ruby"]
data = File.read(pn)
File.open(pn) { |f| _ }
File.foreach(pn) { |line| _ }

Example 3: Special features

p1 = Pathname.new("/usr/lib")   # Pathname:/usr/lib
p2 = p1 + "ruby/1.8"            # Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8
p3 = p1.parent                  # Pathname:/usr
p4 = p2.relative_path_from(p3)  # Pathname:lib/ruby/1.8
pwd = Pathname.pwd              # Pathname:/home/gavin
pwd.absolute?                   # true
p5 = Pathname.new "."           # Pathname:.
p5 = p5 + "music/../articles"   # Pathname:music/../articles
p5.cleanpath                    # Pathname:articles
p5.realpath                     # Pathname:/home/gavin/articles
p5.children                     # [Pathname:/home/gavin/articles/linux, ...]

Breakdown of functionality

Core methods

These methods are effectively manipulating a String, because that's all a path is. None of these access the file system except for #mountpoint?, #children, #each_child, #realdirpath and #realpath.

File status predicate methods

These methods are a facade for FileTest:

File property and manipulation methods

These methods are a facade for File:

Directory methods

These methods are a facade for Dir:

IO

These methods are a facade for IO:

  • #each_line(*args, &block)

  • #read(*args)

  • #binread(*args)

  • #readlines(*args)

  • #sysopen(*args)

Utilities

These methods are a mixture of Find, FileUtils, and others:

Method documentation

As the above section shows, most of the methods in Pathname are facades. The documentation for these methods generally just says, for instance, “See FileTest.writable?”, as you should be familiar with the original method anyway, and its documentation (e.g. through ri) will contain more information. In some cases, a brief description will follow.

Constant Summary

Class Method Summary

  • .getwd

    Alias for .pwd.

  • .glob(*args)

    Returns or yields Pathname objects.

  • .new(arg) constructor

    Create a Pathname object from the given String (or String-like object).

  • .pwd (also: .getwd)

    Returns the current working directory as a Pathname.

Instance Attribute Summary

Instance Method Summary

Constructor Details

.new(arg)

Create a Pathname object from the given String (or String-like object). If path contains a NULL character (\0), an ArgumentError is raised.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 95

static VALUE
path_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE arg)
{
    VALUE str;
    if (RB_TYPE_P(arg, T_STRING)) {
        str = arg;
    }
    else {
        str = rb_check_funcall(arg, id_to_path, 0, NULL);
        if (str == Qundef)
            str = arg;
        StringValue(str);
    }
    if (memchr(RSTRING_PTR(str), '\0', RSTRING_LEN(str)))
        rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "pathname contains null byte");
    str = rb_obj_dup(str);

    set_strpath(self, str);
    OBJ_INFECT(self, str);
    return self;
}

Class Method Details

.getwd

Alias for .pwd.

.glob(*args)

Returns or yields Pathname objects.

Pathname.glob("lib/i*.rb")
    #=> [#<Pathname:lib/ipaddr.rb>, #<Pathname:lib/irb.rb>]

See Dir.glob.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1091

static VALUE
path_s_glob(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
    VALUE args[2];
    int n;

    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &args[0], &args[1]);
    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
        return rb_block_call(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args, s_glob_i, klass);
    }
    else {
        VALUE ary;
        long i;
        ary = rb_funcallv(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args);
        ary = rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
            VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
            elt = rb_class_new_instance(1, &elt, klass);
            rb_ary_store(ary, i, elt);
        }
        return ary;
    }
}

.pwd Also known as: .getwd

Returns the current working directory as a Pathname.

Pathname.getwd
    #=> #<Pathname:/home/zzak/projects/ruby>

See Dir.getwd.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1171

static VALUE
path_s_getwd(VALUE klass)
{
    VALUE str;
    str = rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_getwd, 0);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, klass);
}

Instance Attribute Details

#absolute?Boolean (readonly)

Predicate method for testing whether a path is absolute.

It returns true if the pathname begins with a slash.

p = Pathname.new('/im/sure')
p.absolute?
    #=> true

p = Pathname.new('not/so/sure')
p.absolute?
    #=> false
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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 225

def absolute?
  !relative?
end

#blockdev?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.blockdev?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 848

static VALUE
path_blockdev_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_blockdev_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#chardev?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.chardev?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 857

static VALUE
path_chardev_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_chardev_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#directory?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.directory?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 902

static VALUE
path_directory_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_directory_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#empty?Boolean (readonly)

Tests the file is empty.

See Dir#empty? and FileTest.empty?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1066

static VALUE
path_empty_p(VALUE self)
{

    VALUE path = get_strpath(self);
    if (RTEST(rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_directory_p, 1, path)))
        return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_empty_p, 1, path);
    else
        return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_empty_p, 1, path);
}

#executable?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.executable?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 866

static VALUE
path_executable_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_executable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#executable_real?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.executable_real?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 875

static VALUE
path_executable_real_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_executable_real_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#exist?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.exist?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 884

static VALUE
path_exist_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_exist_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#file?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.file?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 911

static VALUE
path_file_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_file_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#grpowned?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.grpowned?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 893

static VALUE
path_grpowned_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_grpowned_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#mountpoint?Boolean (readonly)

Returns true if self points to a mountpoint.

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 192

def mountpoint?
  begin
    stat1 = self.lstat
    stat2 = self.parent.lstat
    stat1.dev == stat2.dev && stat1.ino == stat2.ino ||
      stat1.dev != stat2.dev
  rescue Errno::ENOENT
    false
  end
end

#owned?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.owned?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 938

static VALUE
path_owned_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_owned_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#pipe?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.pipe?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 920

static VALUE
path_pipe_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_pipe_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#readable?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.readable?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 947

static VALUE
path_readable_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_readable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#readable_real?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.readable_real?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 965

static VALUE
path_readable_real_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_readable_real_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#relative?Boolean (readonly)

The opposite of #absolute?

It returns false if the pathname begins with a slash.

p = Pathname.new('/im/sure')
p.relative?
    #=> false

p = Pathname.new('not/so/sure')
p.relative?
    #=> true
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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 240

def relative?
  path = @path
  while r = chop_basename(path)
    path, = r
  end
  path == ''
end

#root?Boolean (readonly)

Predicate method for root directories. Returns true if the pathname consists of consecutive slashes.

It doesn't access the filesystem. So it may return false for some pathnames which points to roots such as /usr/...

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 210

def root?
  !!(chop_basename(@path) == nil && /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o =~ @path)
end

#setgid?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.setgid?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 983

static VALUE
path_setgid_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_setgid_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#setuid?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.setuid?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 974

static VALUE
path_setuid_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_setuid_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#size (readonly)

See FileTest.size.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 992

static VALUE
path_size(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_size, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#size?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.size?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1001

static VALUE
path_size_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_size_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#socket?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.socket?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 929

static VALUE
path_socket_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_socket_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#sticky?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.sticky?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1010

static VALUE
path_sticky_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_sticky_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#symlink?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.symlink?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1019

static VALUE
path_symlink_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_symlink_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#world_readable?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.world_readable?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 956

static VALUE
path_world_readable_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_world_readable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#world_writable?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.world_writable?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1037

static VALUE
path_world_writable_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_world_writable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#writable?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.writable?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1028

static VALUE
path_writable_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_writable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#writable_real?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.writable_real?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1046

static VALUE
path_writable_real_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_writable_real_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#zero?Boolean (readonly)

See FileTest.zero?.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1055

static VALUE
path_zero_p(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_zero_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

Instance Method Details

#+(other) Also known as: #/

Appends a pathname fragment to self to produce a new Pathname object.

p1 = Pathname.new("/usr")      # Pathname:/usr
p2 = p1 + "bin/ruby"           # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
p3 = p1 + "/etc/passwd"        # Pathname:/etc/passwd

# / is aliased to +.
p4 = p1 / "bin/ruby"           # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
p5 = p1 / "/etc/passwd"        # Pathname:/etc/passwd

This method doesn't access the file system; it is pure string manipulation.

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 350

def +(other)
  other = Pathname.new(other) unless Pathname === other
  Pathname.new(plus(@path, other.to_s))
end

#/(other)

Alias for #+.

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 354

alias / +

#<=>(other)

Provides a case-sensitive comparison operator for pathnames.

Pathname.new('/usr') <=> Pathname.new('/usr/bin')
    #=> -1
Pathname.new('/usr/bin') <=> Pathname.new('/usr/bin')
    #=> 0
Pathname.new('/usr/bin') <=> Pathname.new('/USR/BIN')
    #=> 1

It will return -1, 0 or 1 depending on the value of the left argument relative to the right argument. Or it will return nil if the arguments are not comparable.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 192

static VALUE
path_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    VALUE s1, s2;
    char *p1, *p2;
    char *e1, *e2;
    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(other, rb_cPathname))
        return Qnil;
    s1 = get_strpath(self);
    s2 = get_strpath(other);
    p1 = RSTRING_PTR(s1);
    p2 = RSTRING_PTR(s2);
    e1 = p1 + RSTRING_LEN(s1);
    e2 = p2 + RSTRING_LEN(s2);
    while (p1 < e1 && p2 < e2) {
        int c1, c2;
        c1 = (unsigned char)*p1++;
        c2 = (unsigned char)*p2++;
        if (c1 == '/') c1 = '\0';
        if (c2 == '/') c2 = '\0';
        if (c1 != c2) {
            if (c1 < c2)
                return INT2FIX(-1);
            else
                return INT2FIX(1);
        }
    }
    if (p1 < e1)
        return INT2FIX(1);
    if (p2 < e2)
        return INT2FIX(-1);
    return INT2FIX(0);
}

#==(other) Also known as: #===, #eql?

Compare this pathname with other. The comparison is string-based. Be aware that two different paths (foo.txt and ./foo.txt) can refer to the same file.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 170

static VALUE
path_eq(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
    if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(other, rb_cPathname))
        return Qfalse;
    return rb_str_equal(get_strpath(self), get_strpath(other));
}

#===(other)

Alias for #==.

#add_trailing_separator(path) (private)

This method is for internal use only.

add_trailing_separator(path) -> path

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 135

def add_trailing_separator(path) # :nodoc:
  if File.basename(path + 'a') == 'a'
    path
  else
    File.join(path, "") # xxx: Is File.join is appropriate to add separator?
  end
end

#ascend {|_self| ... }

Iterates over and yields a new Pathname object for each element in the given path in ascending order.

Pathname.new('/path/to/some/file.rb').ascend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some/file.rb>
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:/path/to>
   #<Pathname:/path>
   #<Pathname:/>

Pathname.new('path/to/some/file.rb').ascend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:path/to/some/file.rb>
   #<Pathname:path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:path/to>
   #<Pathname:path>

Returns an Enumerator if no block was given.

enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").ascend
  # ... do stuff ...
enum.each { |e| ... }
  # yields Pathnames /usr/bin/ruby, /usr/bin, /usr, and /.

It doesn't access the filesystem.

Yields:

  • (_self)

Yield Parameters:

  • _self (Pathname)

    the object that the method was called on

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 326

def ascend
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  path = @path
  yield self
  while r = chop_basename(path)
    path, = r
    break if path.empty?
    yield self.class.new(del_trailing_separator(path))
  end
end

#atimeTime

Returns the last access time for the file.

See File.atime.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 509

static VALUE
path_atime(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_atime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#basename(*args)

Returns the last component of the path.

See File.basename.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 772

static VALUE
path_basename(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    VALUE fext;
    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &fext) == 0)
        str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_basename, 1, str);
    else
        str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_basename, 2, str, fext);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#binread([length [, offset]]) ⇒ String

Returns all the bytes from the file, or the first N if specified.

See IO.binread.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 408

static VALUE
path_binread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[3];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &args[1], &args[2]);
    return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_binread, 1+n, args);
}

#binwrite(string, [offset]) ⇒ Fixnum #binwrite(string, [offset], open_args) ⇒ Fixnum

Writes contents to the file, opening it in binary mode.

See IO.binwrite.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 450

static VALUE
path_binwrite(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[4];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
    return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_binwrite, 1+n, args);
}

#birthtimeTime

Returns the birth time for the file. If the platform doesn't have birthtime, raises NotImplementedError.

See File.birthtime.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 525

static VALUE
path_birthtime(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_birthtime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#children(with_directory = true)

Returns the children of the directory (files and subdirectories, not recursive) as an array of Pathname objects.

By default, the returned pathnames will have enough information to access the files. If you set with_directory to false, then the returned pathnames will contain the filename only.

For example:

pn = Pathname("/usr/lib/ruby/1.8")
pn.children
    # -> [ Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/English.rb,
           Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/Env.rb,
           Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/abbrev.rb, ... ]
pn.children(false)
    # -> [ Pathname:English.rb, Pathname:Env.rb, Pathname:abbrev.rb, ... ]

Note that the results never contain the entries . and .. in the directory because they are not children.

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 441

def children(with_directory=true)
  with_directory = false if @path == '.'
  result = []
  Dir.foreach(@path) {|e|
    next if e == '.' || e == '..'
    if with_directory
      result << self.class.new(File.join(@path, e))
    else
      result << self.class.new(e)
    end
  }
  result
end

#chmodInteger

Changes file permissions.

See File.chmod.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 570

static VALUE
path_chmod(VALUE self, VALUE mode)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_chmod, 2, mode, get_strpath(self));
}

#chop_basename(path) (private)

This method is for internal use only.

chop_basename(path) -> [pre-basename, basename] or nil

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# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 41

def chop_basename(path) # :nodoc:
  base = File.basename(path)
  if /\A#{SEPARATOR_PAT}?\z/o =~ base
    return nil
  else
    return path[0, path.rindex(base)], base
  end
end

#chownInteger

Change owner and group of the file.

See File.chown.

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# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 598

static VALUE
path_chown(VALUE self, VALUE owner, VALUE group)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_chown, 3, owner, group, get_strpath(self));
}

#cleanpath(consider_symlink = false)

Returns clean pathname of self with consecutive slashes and useless dots removed. The filesystem is not accessed.

If consider_symlink is true, then a more conservative algorithm is used to avoid breaking symbolic linkages. This may retain more .. entries than absolutely necessary, but without accessing the filesystem, this can't be avoided.

See #realpath.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 85

def cleanpath(consider_symlink=false)
  if consider_symlink
    cleanpath_conservative
  else
    cleanpath_aggressive
  end
end

#cleanpath_aggressive (private)

This method is for internal use only.

Clean the path simply by resolving and removing excess . and .. entries. Nothing more, nothing less.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 97

def cleanpath_aggressive # :nodoc:
  path = @path
  names = []
  pre = path
  while r = chop_basename(pre)
    pre, base = r
    case base
    when '.'
    when '..'
      names.unshift base
    else
      if names[0] == '..'
        names.shift
      else
        names.unshift base
      end
    end
  end
  pre.tr!(File::ALT_SEPARATOR, File::SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
  if /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o =~ File.basename(pre)
    names.shift while names[0] == '..'
  end
  self.class.new(prepend_prefix(pre, File.join(*names)))
end

#cleanpath_conservative (private)

This method is for internal use only.
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 156

def cleanpath_conservative # :nodoc:
  path = @path
  names = []
  pre = path
  while r = chop_basename(pre)
    pre, base = r
    names.unshift base if base != '.'
  end
  pre.tr!(File::ALT_SEPARATOR, File::SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
  if /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o =~ File.basename(pre)
    names.shift while names[0] == '..'
  end
  if names.empty?
    self.class.new(File.dirname(pre))
  else
    if names.last != '..' && File.basename(path) == '.'
      names << '.'
    end
    result = prepend_prefix(pre, File.join(*names))
    if /\A(?:\.|\.\.)\z/ !~ names.last && has_trailing_separator?(path)
      self.class.new(add_trailing_separator(result))
    else
      self.class.new(result)
    end
  end
end

#ctimeTime

Returns the last change time, using directory information, not the file itself.

See File.ctime.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 542

static VALUE
path_ctime(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_ctime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#del_trailing_separator(path) (private)

This method is for internal use only.
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 144

def del_trailing_separator(path) # :nodoc:
  if r = chop_basename(path)
    pre, basename = r
    pre + basename
  elsif /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}+\z/o =~ path
    $` + File.dirname(path)[/#{SEPARATOR_PAT}*\z/o]
  else
    path
  end
end

#delete Also known as: #unlink

Removes a file or directory, using File.unlink if self is a file, or Dir.unlink as necessary.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1298

static VALUE
path_unlink(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE eENOTDIR = rb_const_get_at(rb_mErrno, id_ENOTDIR);
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    return rb_rescue2(unlink_body, str, unlink_rescue, str, eENOTDIR, (VALUE)0);
}

#descend

Iterates over and yields a new Pathname object for each element in the given path in descending order.

Pathname.new('/path/to/some/file.rb').descend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:/>
   #<Pathname:/path>
   #<Pathname:/path/to>
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:/path/to/some/file.rb>

Pathname.new('path/to/some/file.rb').descend {|v| p v}
   #<Pathname:path>
   #<Pathname:path/to>
   #<Pathname:path/to/some>
   #<Pathname:path/to/some/file.rb>

Returns an Enumerator if no block was given.

enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").descend
  # ... do stuff ...
enum.each { |e| ... }
  # yields Pathnames /, /usr, /usr/bin, and /usr/bin/ruby.

It doesn't access the filesystem.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 293

def descend
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  vs = []
  ascend {|v| vs << v }
  vs.reverse_each {|v| yield v }
  nil
end

#dirname

Returns all but the last component of the path.

See File.dirname.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 789

static VALUE
path_dirname(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_dirname, 1, str);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#each_child(with_directory = true, &b)

Iterates over the children of the directory (files and subdirectories, not recursive).

It yields Pathname object for each child.

By default, the yielded pathnames will have enough information to access the files.

If you set with_directory to false, then the returned pathnames will contain the filename only.

Pathname("/usr/local").each_child {|f| p f }
#=> #<Pathname:/usr/local/share>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/bin>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/games>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/lib>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/include>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/sbin>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/src>
#   #<Pathname:/usr/local/man>

Pathname("/usr/local").each_child(false) {|f| p f }
#=> #<Pathname:share>
#   #<Pathname:bin>
#   #<Pathname:games>
#   #<Pathname:lib>
#   #<Pathname:include>
#   #<Pathname:sbin>
#   #<Pathname:src>
#   #<Pathname:man>

Note that the results never contain the entries . and .. in the directory because they are not children.

See #children

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 491

def each_child(with_directory=true, &b)
  children(with_directory).each(&b)
end

#each_entry

Iterates over the entries (files and subdirectories) in the directory, yielding a Pathname object for each entry.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1273

static VALUE
path_each_entry(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[1];

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    return rb_block_call(rb_cDir, id_foreach, 1, args, each_entry_i, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#each_filename

Iterates over each component of the path.

Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").each_filename {|filename| ... }
  # yields "usr", "bin", and "ruby".

Returns an Enumerator if no block was given.

enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").each_filename
  # ... do stuff ...
enum.each { |e| ... }
  # yields "usr", "bin", and "ruby".
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 261

def each_filename # :yield: filename
  return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
  _, names = split_names(@path)
  names.each {|filename| yield filename }
  nil
end

#each_line {|line| ... } #each_line(sep=$/ [, open_args]) {|line| ... } ⇒ nil #each_line(limit [, open_args]) {|line| ... } ⇒ nil #each_line(sep, limit [, open_args]) {|line| ... } ⇒ nil #each_line(...) ⇒ Enumerator

Iterates over each line in the file and yields a String object for each.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 362

static VALUE
path_each_line(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[4];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
        return rb_block_call(rb_cIO, id_foreach, 1+n, args, 0, 0);
    }
    else {
        return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_foreach, 1+n, args);
    }
}

#entries

Return the entries (files and subdirectories) in the directory, each as a Pathname object.

The results contains just the names in the directory, without any trailing slashes or recursive look-up.

pp Pathname.new('/usr/local').entries
#=> [#<Pathname:share>,
#    #<Pathname:lib>,
#    #<Pathname:..>,
#    #<Pathname:include>,
#    #<Pathname:etc>,
#    #<Pathname:bin>,
#    #<Pathname:man>,
#    #<Pathname:games>,
#    #<Pathname:.>,
#    #<Pathname:sbin>,
#    #<Pathname:src>]

The result may contain the current directory #<Pathname:.> and the parent directory #<Pathname:..>.

If you don't want . and .. and want directories, consider #children.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1205

static VALUE
path_entries(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE klass, str, ary;
    long i;
    klass = rb_obj_class(self);
    str = get_strpath(self);
    ary = rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_entries, 1, str);
    ary = rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
    for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
	VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
        elt = rb_class_new_instance(1, &elt, klass);
        rb_ary_store(ary, i, elt);
    }
    return ary;
}

#eql?(other)

Alias for #==.

#expand_path(*args)

Returns the absolute path for the file.

See File.expand_path.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 814

static VALUE
path_expand_path(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    VALUE dname;
    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &dname) == 0)
        str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_expand_path, 1, str);
    else
        str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_expand_path, 2, str, dname);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#extname

Returns the file's extension.

See File.extname.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 802

static VALUE
path_extname(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_extname, 1, str);
}

#find(ignore_error: true)

Iterates over the directory tree in a depth first manner, yielding a Pathname for each file under “this” directory.

Returns an Enumerator if no block is given.

Since it is implemented by the standard library module Find, Find.prune can be used to control the traversal.

If self is ., yielded pathnames begin with a filename in the current directory, not #/.

See Find.find

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 559

def find(ignore_error: true) # :yield: pathname
  return to_enum(__method__, ignore_error: ignore_error) unless block_given?
  require 'find'
  if @path == '.'
    Find.find(@path, ignore_error: ignore_error) {|f| yield self.class.new(f.sub(%r{\A\./}, '')) }
  else
    Find.find(@path, ignore_error: ignore_error) {|f| yield self.class.new(f) }
  end
end

#fnmatch(pattern, [flags]) ⇒ String #fnmatch?(pattern, [flags]) ⇒ String
Also known as: #fnmatch?

Return true if the receiver matches the given pattern.

See File.fnmatch.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 627

static VALUE
path_fnmatch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    VALUE pattern, flags;
    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &pattern, &flags) == 1)
        return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_fnmatch, 2, pattern, str);
    else
        return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_fnmatch, 3, pattern, str, flags);
}

#fnmatch(pattern, [flags]) ⇒ String #fnmatch?(pattern, [flags]) ⇒ String

Alias for #fnmatch.

#freezeObject

Freezes this Pathname.

See Object.freeze.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 125

static VALUE
path_freeze(VALUE self)
{
    rb_call_super(0, 0);
    rb_str_freeze(get_strpath(self));
    return self;
}

#ftypeString

Returns “type” of file (“file”, “directory”, etc).

See File.ftype.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 646

static VALUE
path_ftype(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_ftype, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#glob(*args)

Returns or yields Pathname objects.

Pathname("ruby-2.4.2").glob("R*.md")
#=> [#<Pathname:ruby-2.4.2/README.md>, #<Pathname:ruby-2.4.2/README.ja.md>]

See Dir.glob. This method uses the base keyword argument of Dir.glob.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1131

static VALUE
path_glob(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[3];
    int n;

    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &args[0], &args[1]);
    if (n == 1)
      args[1] = INT2FIX(0);

    args[2] = rb_hash_new();
    rb_hash_aset(args[2], ID2SYM(id_base), get_strpath(self));

    n = 3;

    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
        return rb_block_call(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args, glob_i, self);
    }
    else {
        VALUE ary;
        long i;
        ary = rb_funcallv(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args);
        ary = rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
        for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
            VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
            elt = rb_funcall(self, '+', 1, elt);
            rb_ary_store(ary, i, elt);
        }
        return ary;
    }
}

#has_trailing_separator?(path) ⇒ Boolean (private)

This method is for internal use only.

has_trailing_separator?(path) -> bool

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 124

def has_trailing_separator?(path) # :nodoc:
  if r = chop_basename(path)
    pre, basename = r
    pre.length + basename.length < path.length
  else
    false
  end
end

#hash

This method is for internal use only.
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 231

static VALUE
path_hash(VALUE self)
{
    return ST2FIX(rb_str_hash(get_strpath(self)));
}

#inspect

This method is for internal use only.
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 253

static VALUE
path_inspect(VALUE self)
{
    const char *c = rb_obj_classname(self);
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    return rb_sprintf("#<%s:%"PRIsVALUE">", c, str);
}

#join(*args)

Joins the given pathnames onto self to create a new Pathname object.

path0 = Pathname.new("/usr")                # Pathname:/usr
path0 = path0.join("bin/ruby")              # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
    # is the same as
path1 = Pathname.new("/usr") + "bin/ruby"   # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby
path0 == path1
    #=> true
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 408

def join(*args)
  return self if args.empty?
  result = args.pop
  result = Pathname.new(result) unless Pathname === result
  return result if result.absolute?
  args.reverse_each {|arg|
    arg = Pathname.new(arg) unless Pathname === arg
    result = arg + result
    return result if result.absolute?
  }
  self + result
end

#lchmodInteger

Same as #chmod, but does not follow symbolic links.

See File.lchmod.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 584

static VALUE
path_lchmod(VALUE self, VALUE mode)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lchmod, 2, mode, get_strpath(self));
}

#lchownInteger

Same as #chown, but does not follow symbolic links.

See File.lchown.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 612

static VALUE
path_lchown(VALUE self, VALUE owner, VALUE group)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lchown, 3, owner, group, get_strpath(self));
}

#lstat

See File.lstat.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 725

static VALUE
path_lstat(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lstat, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#mkdir(*args)

Create the referenced directory.

See Dir.mkdir.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1227

static VALUE
path_mkdir(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    VALUE vmode;
    if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &vmode) == 0)
        return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_mkdir, 1, str);
    else
        return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_mkdir, 2, str, vmode);
}

#mkpath

Creates a full path, including any intermediate directories that don't yet exist.

See FileUtils.mkpath and FileUtils.mkdir_p

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 576

def mkpath
  require 'fileutils'
  FileUtils.mkpath(@path)
  nil
end

#mtimeTime

Returns the last modified time of the file.

See File.mtime.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 556

static VALUE
path_mtime(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_mtime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#open(*args)

Opens the file for reading or writing.

See File.open.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 671

static VALUE
path_open(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[4];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
        return rb_block_call(rb_cFile, id_open, 1+n, args, 0, 0);
    }
    else {
        return rb_funcallv(rb_cFile, id_open, 1+n, args);
    }
}

#opendir

Opens the referenced directory.

See Dir.open.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1254

static VALUE
path_opendir(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[1];

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    return rb_block_call(rb_cDir, id_open, 1, args, 0, 0);
}

#parent

Returns the parent directory.

This is same as self + '..'.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 187

def parent
  self + '..'
end

#plus(path1, path2) (private)

This method is for internal use only.

-> path # :nodoc:

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 356

def plus(path1, path2) # -> path # :nodoc:
  prefix2 = path2
  index_list2 = []
  basename_list2 = []
  while r2 = chop_basename(prefix2)
    prefix2, basename2 = r2
    index_list2.unshift prefix2.length
    basename_list2.unshift basename2
  end
  return path2 if prefix2 != ''
  prefix1 = path1
  while true
    while !basename_list2.empty? && basename_list2.first == '.'
      index_list2.shift
      basename_list2.shift
    end
    break unless r1 = chop_basename(prefix1)
    prefix1, basename1 = r1
    next if basename1 == '.'
    if basename1 == '..' || basename_list2.empty? || basename_list2.first != '..'
      prefix1 = prefix1 + basename1
      break
    end
    index_list2.shift
    basename_list2.shift
  end
  r1 = chop_basename(prefix1)
  if !r1 && (r1 = /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o =~ File.basename(prefix1))
    while !basename_list2.empty? && basename_list2.first == '..'
      index_list2.shift
      basename_list2.shift
    end
  end
  if !basename_list2.empty?
    suffix2 = path2[index_list2.first..-1]
    r1 ? File.join(prefix1, suffix2) : prefix1 + suffix2
  else
    r1 ? prefix1 : File.dirname(prefix1)
  end
end

#prepend_prefix(prefix, relpath) (private)

This method is for internal use only.
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 62

def prepend_prefix(prefix, relpath) # :nodoc:
  if relpath.empty?
    File.dirname(prefix)
  elsif /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o =~ prefix
    prefix = File.dirname(prefix)
    prefix = File.join(prefix, "") if File.basename(prefix + 'a') != 'a'
    prefix + relpath
  else
    prefix + relpath
  end
end

#read([length [, offset]]) ⇒ String #read([length [, offset]], open_args) ⇒ String

Returns all data from the file, or the first N bytes if specified.

See IO.read.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 388

static VALUE
path_read(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[4];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
    return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_read, 1+n, args);
}

#readlines(sep=$/ [, open_args]) ⇒ Array #readlines(limit [, open_args]) ⇒ Array #readlines(sep, limit [, open_args]) ⇒ Array

Returns all the lines from the file.

See IO.readlines.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 472

static VALUE
path_readlines(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[4];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
    return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_readlines, 1+n, args);
}

#realdirpath(*args)

Returns the real (absolute) pathname of self in the actual filesystem.

Does not contain symlinks or useless dots, .. and ..

The last component of the real pathname can be nonexistent.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 343

static VALUE
path_realdirpath(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE basedir, str;
    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &basedir);
    str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_realdirpath, 2, get_strpath(self), basedir);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#realpath(*args)

Returns the real (absolute) pathname for self in the actual filesystem.

Does not contain symlinks or useless dots, .. and ..

All components of the pathname must exist when this method is called.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 327

static VALUE
path_realpath(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE basedir, str;
    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &basedir);
    str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_realpath, 2, get_strpath(self), basedir);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#relative_path_from(base_directory)

Returns a relative path from the given base_directory to the receiver.

If self is absolute, then base_directory must be absolute too.

If self is relative, then base_directory must be relative too.

This method doesn't access the filesystem. It assumes no symlinks.

ArgumentError is raised when it cannot find a relative path.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 506

def relative_path_from(base_directory)
  dest_directory = self.cleanpath.to_s
  base_directory = base_directory.cleanpath.to_s
  dest_prefix = dest_directory
  dest_names = []
  while r = chop_basename(dest_prefix)
    dest_prefix, basename = r
    dest_names.unshift basename if basename != '.'
  end
  base_prefix = base_directory
  base_names = []
  while r = chop_basename(base_prefix)
    base_prefix, basename = r
    base_names.unshift basename if basename != '.'
  end
  unless SAME_PATHS[dest_prefix, base_prefix]
    raise ArgumentError, "different prefix: #{dest_prefix.inspect} and #{base_directory.inspect}"
  end
  while !dest_names.empty? &&
        !base_names.empty? &&
        SAME_PATHS[dest_names.first, base_names.first]
    dest_names.shift
    base_names.shift
  end
  if base_names.include? '..'
    raise ArgumentError, "base_directory has ..: #{base_directory.inspect}"
  end
  base_names.fill('..')
  relpath_names = base_names + dest_names
  if relpath_names.empty?
    Pathname.new('.')
  else
    Pathname.new(File.join(*relpath_names))
  end
end

#rename(to)

Rename the file.

See File.rename.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 705

static VALUE
path_rename(VALUE self, VALUE to)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_rename, 2, get_strpath(self), to);
}

#rmdir

Remove the referenced directory.

See Dir.rmdir.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 1243

static VALUE
path_rmdir(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_rmdir, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#rmtree

Recursively deletes a directory, including all directories beneath it.

See FileUtils.rm_r

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 585

def rmtree
  # The name "rmtree" is borrowed from File::Path of Perl.
  # File::Path provides "mkpath" and "rmtree".
  require 'fileutils'
  FileUtils.rm_r(@path)
  nil
end

#split

Returns the #dirname and the #basename in an Array.

See File.split.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 831

static VALUE
path_split(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    VALUE ary, dirname, basename;
    ary = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_split, 1, str);
    ary = rb_check_array_type(ary);
    dirname = rb_ary_entry(ary, 0);
    basename = rb_ary_entry(ary, 1);
    dirname = rb_class_new_instance(1, &dirname, rb_obj_class(self));
    basename = rb_class_new_instance(1, &basename, rb_obj_class(self));
    return rb_ary_new3(2, dirname, basename);
}

#split_names(path) (private)

This method is for internal use only.

split_names(path) -> prefix, [name, …]

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb', line 52

def split_names(path) # :nodoc:
  names = []
  while r = chop_basename(path)
    path, basename = r
    names.unshift basename
  end
  return path, names
end

#stat

Returns a File::Stat object.

See File.stat.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 716

static VALUE
path_stat(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_stat, 1, get_strpath(self));
}

#sub(*args)

Return a pathname which is substituted by String#sub.

path1 = Pathname.new('/usr/bin/perl')
path1.sub('perl', 'ruby')
    #=> #<Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby>
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 268

static VALUE
path_sub(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);

    if (rb_block_given_p()) {
        str = rb_block_call(str, id_sub, argc, argv, 0, 0);
    }
    else {
        str = rb_funcallv(str, id_sub, argc, argv);
    }
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#sub_ext(repl)

Return a pathname with repl added as a suffix to the basename.

If self has no extension part, repl is appended.

Pathname.new('/usr/bin/shutdown').sub_ext('.rb')
    #=> #<Pathname:/usr/bin/shutdown.rb>
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 290

static VALUE
path_sub_ext(VALUE self, VALUE repl)
{
    VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
    VALUE str2;
    long extlen;
    const char *ext;
    const char *p;

    StringValue(repl);
    p = RSTRING_PTR(str);
    extlen = RSTRING_LEN(str);
    ext = ruby_enc_find_extname(p, &extlen, rb_enc_get(str));
    if (ext == NULL) {
        ext = p + RSTRING_LEN(str);
    }
    else if (extlen <= 1) {
        ext += extlen;
    }
    str2 = rb_str_subseq(str, 0, ext-p);
    rb_str_append(str2, repl);
    OBJ_INFECT(str2, str);
    return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str2, rb_obj_class(self));
}

#sysopen([mode, [perm]]) ⇒ Fixnum

See IO.sysopen.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 490

static VALUE
path_sysopen(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[3];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &args[1], &args[2]);
    return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_sysopen, 1+n, args);
}

#taintObject

Taints this Pathname.

See Object.taint.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 141

static VALUE
path_taint(VALUE self)
{
    rb_call_super(0, 0);
    rb_obj_taint(get_strpath(self));
    return self;
}

#to_sString #to_pathString

Alias for #to_s.

#to_sString #to_pathString
Also known as: #to_path

Return the path as a String.

to_path is implemented so Pathname objects are usable with File.open, etc.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 246

static VALUE
path_to_s(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_obj_dup(get_strpath(self));
}

#truncate(length)

Truncates the file to length bytes.

See File.truncate.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 750

static VALUE
path_truncate(VALUE self, VALUE length)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_truncate, 2, get_strpath(self), length);
}

#untaintObject

Untaints this Pathname.

See Object.untaint.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 157

static VALUE
path_untaint(VALUE self)
{
    rb_call_super(0, 0);
    rb_obj_untaint(get_strpath(self));
    return self;
}

#utime(atime, mtime)

Update the access and modification times of the file.

See File.utime.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 761

static VALUE
path_utime(VALUE self, VALUE atime, VALUE mtime)
{
    return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_utime, 3, atime, mtime, get_strpath(self));
}

#write(string, [offset]) ⇒ Fixnum #write(string, [offset], open_args) ⇒ Fixnum

Writes contents to the file.

See IO.write.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'ext/pathname/pathname.c', line 429

static VALUE
path_write(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
    VALUE args[4];
    int n;

    args[0] = get_strpath(self);
    n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
    return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_write, 1+n, args);
}