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Class: RuboCop::Cop::Style::SafeNavigation

Relationships & Source Files
Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance
Class Chain:
self, ::RuboCop::Cop::TargetRubyVersion, ::RuboCop::Cop::AutoCorrector, ::RuboCop::Cop::Base, ::RuboCop::ExcludeLimit, NodePattern::Macros, RuboCop::AST::Sexp
Instance Chain:
self, ::RuboCop::Cop::RangeHelp, ::RuboCop::Cop::NilMethods, ::RuboCop::Cop::AllowedMethods, ::RuboCop::Cop::Base, ::RuboCop::Cop::AutocorrectLogic, ::RuboCop::Cop::IgnoredNode, ::RuboCop::Util, RuboCop::AST::Sexp
Inherits: RuboCop::Cop::Base
Defined in: lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb

Overview

Transforms usages of a method call safeguarded by a non nil check for the variable whose method is being called to safe navigation (&.). If there is a method chain, all of the methods in the chain need to be checked for safety, and all of the methods will need to be changed to use safe navigation.

The default for ConvertCodeThatCanStartToReturnNil is false. When configured to true, this will check for code in the format !foo.nil? && foo.bar. As it is written, the return of this code is limited to false and whatever the return of the method is. If this is converted to safe navigation, foo&.bar can start returning nil as well as what the method returns.

The default for MaxChainLength is 2. We have limited the cop to not register an offense for method chains that exceed this option’s value.

Note
 This cop will recognize offenses but not autocorrect code when the right hand side (RHS) of the && statement is an {||} statement (eg. foo && (foo.bar? || foo.baz?)). It can be corrected manually by removing the foo && and adding &. to each foo on the RHS.

Examples:

# bad
foo.bar if foo
foo.bar.baz if foo
foo.bar(param1, param2) if foo
foo.bar { |e| e.something } if foo
foo.bar(param) { |e| e.something } if foo

foo.bar if !foo.nil?
foo.bar unless !foo
foo.bar unless foo.nil?

foo && foo.bar
foo && foo.bar.baz
foo && foo.bar(param1, param2)
foo && foo.bar { |e| e.something }
foo && foo.bar(param) { |e| e.something }

foo ? foo.bar : nil
foo.nil? ? nil : foo.bar
!foo.nil? ? foo.bar : nil
!foo ? nil : foo.bar

# good
foo&.bar
foo&.bar&.baz
foo&.bar(param1, param2)
foo&.bar { |e| e.something }
foo&.bar(param) { |e| e.something }
foo && foo.bar.baz.qux # method chain with more than 2 methods
foo && foo.nil? # method that {nil} responds to

# Method calls that do not use {.}
foo && foo < bar
foo < bar if foo

# When checking {foo&.empty?} in a conditional, {foo} being {nil} will actually
# do the opposite of what the author intends.
foo && foo.empty?

# This could start returning {nil} as well as the return of the method
foo.nil? || foo.bar
!foo || foo.bar

# Methods that are used on assignment, arithmetic operation or
# comparison should not be converted to use safe navigation
foo.baz = bar if foo
foo.baz + bar if foo
foo.bar > 2 if foo

Cop Safety Information:

  • Autocorrection is unsafe because if a value is false, the resulting code will have different behavior or raise an error.

    x = false
x && x.foo  # return false
x&.foo      # raises NoMethodError

Constant Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

EMPTY_OFFENSES, RESTRICT_ON_SEND

::RuboCop::Cop::RangeHelp - Included

BYTE_ORDER_MARK, NOT_GIVEN

Class Attribute Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::AutoCorrector - Extended

support_autocorrect?

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

.gem_requirements, .lint?,
.support_autocorrect?

Returns if class supports autocorrect.
.support_multiple_source?

Override if your cop should be called repeatedly for multiple investigations Between calls to on_new_investigation and on_investigation_end, the result of processed_source will remain constant.

Class Method Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::TargetRubyVersion - Extended

minimum_target_ruby_version, required_minimum_ruby_version, support_target_ruby_version?

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

.autocorrect_incompatible_with

List of cops that should not try to autocorrect at the same time as this cop.
.badge

Naming.
.callbacks_needed, .cop_name, .department,
.documentation_url

Returns an url to view this cops documentation online.
.exclude_from_registry

Call for abstract Cop classes.
.inherited,
.joining_forces

Override and return the Force class(es) you need to join.
.match?

Returns true if the cop name or the cop namespace matches any of the given names.
.new,
.requires_gem

Register a version requirement for the given gem name.
.restrict_on_send

::RuboCop::ExcludeLimit - Extended

exclude_limit

Sets up a configuration option to have an exclude limit tracked.
transform

Instance Attribute Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::AllowedMethods - Included

#ignored_method?

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

#active_support_extensions_enabled?, #always_autocorrect?, #config, #config_to_allow_offenses, #config_to_allow_offenses=, #contextual_autocorrect?, #processed_source, #string_literals_frozen_by_default?, #target_satisfies_all_gem_version_requirements?

::RuboCop::Cop::AutocorrectLogic - Included

#autocorrect?, #autocorrect_enabled?, #autocorrect_requested?, #autocorrect_with_disable_uncorrectable?, #correctable?, #disable_uncorrectable?, #safe_autocorrect?

Instance Method Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::RangeHelp - Included

#add_range, #column_offset_between,
#contents_range

A range containing only the contents of a literal with delimiters (e.g.
#directions,
#effective_column

Returns the column attribute of the range, except if the range is on the first line and there’s a byte order mark at the beginning of that line, in which case 1 is subtracted from the column value.
#final_pos, #move_pos, #move_pos_str, #range_between, #range_by_whole_lines, #range_with_comments, #range_with_comments_and_lines, #range_with_surrounding_comma, #range_with_surrounding_space, #source_range

::RuboCop::Cop::NilMethods - Included

#nil_methods, #other_stdlib_methods

::RuboCop::Cop::AllowedMethods - Included

#allowed_method?, #allowed_methods, #cop_config_allowed_methods, #cop_config_deprecated_values

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

#add_global_offense

Adds an offense that has no particular location.
#add_offense

Adds an offense on the specified range (or node with an expression) Unless that offense is disabled for this range, a corrector will be yielded to provide the cop the opportunity to autocorrect the offense.
#begin_investigation

Called before any investigation.
#callbacks_needed,
#cop_config

Configuration Helpers.
#cop_name, #excluded_file?,
#external_dependency_checksum

This method should be overridden when a cop’s behavior depends on state that lives outside of these locations:
#inspect,
#message

Gets called if no message is specified when calling add_offense or add_global_offense Cops are discouraged to override this; instead pass your message directly.
#name

Alias for Base#cop_name.
#offenses,
#on_investigation_end

Called after all on_…​
#on_new_investigation

Called before all on_…​
#on_other_file

Called instead of all on_…​
#parse

There should be very limited reasons for a Cop to do it’s own parsing.
#parser_engine,
#ready

Called between investigations.
#relevant_file?, #target_rails_version, #target_ruby_version, #annotate, #apply_correction, #attempt_correction,
#callback_argument

Reserved for Cop::Cop.
#complete_investigation

Called to complete an investigation.
#correct, #current_corrector,
#current_offense_locations

Reserved for Commissioner:
#current_offenses, #currently_disabled_lines, #custom_severity, #default_severity, #disable_uncorrectable, #enabled_line?, #file_name_matches_any?, #find_message, #find_severity, #range_for_original, #range_from_node_or_range,
#reset_investigation

Actually private methods.
#use_corrector

::RuboCop::Cop::AutocorrectLogic - Included

#disable_offense, #disable_offense_at_end_of_line, #disable_offense_before_and_after, #disable_offense_with_eol_or_surround_comment, #max_line_length,
#range_by_lines

Expand the given range to include all of any lines it covers.
#range_of_first_line, #range_overlaps_offense?, #string_continuation, #string_continuation?, #surrounding_heredoc, #surrounding_percent_array

::RuboCop::Cop::IgnoredNode - Included

#ignore_node, #ignored_node?, #part_of_ignored_node?, #ignored_nodes

Constructor Details

This class inherits a constructor from RuboCop::Cop::Base

Instance Method Details

#add_safe_nav_to_all_methods_in_chain(corrector, start_method, method_chain) (private)

[ GitHub ] 

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 360



def add_safe_nav_to_all_methods_in_chain(corrector,
                                         start_method,
                                         method_chain)
  start_method.each_ancestor do |ancestor|
    break unless %i[send block].include?(ancestor.type)
    next unless ancestor.send_type?
    next if ancestor.safe_navigation?

    corrector.insert_before(ancestor.loc.dot, '&')

    break if ancestor == method_chain
  end
end


  








  

    #allowed_if_condition?(node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 277



def allowed_if_condition?(node)
  node.else? || node.elsif?
end


  








  

    #and_inside_begin?(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 136



def_node_matcher :and_inside_begin?, '`(begin and ...)'


  








  

    #and_parts(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 222



def and_parts(node)
  parts = [node.loc.operator]
  parts << node.rhs unless and_inside_begin?(node.rhs)
  parts << node.lhs unless node.lhs.and_type? || and_inside_begin?(node.lhs)
  parts
end


  








  

    #and_with_rhs_or?(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 130



def_node_matcher :and_with_rhs_or?, '(and _ {or (begin or)})'


  








  

    #begin_range(node, method_call)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 352



def begin_range(node, method_call)
  range_between(node.source_range.begin_pos, method_call.source_range.begin_pos)
end


  








  

    #chain_length(method_chain, method)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 314



def chain_length(method_chain, method)
  method.each_ancestor(:send).inject(0) do |total, ancestor|
    break total + 1 if ancestor == method_chain

    total + 1
  end
end


  








  

    #collect_and_clauses(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 204



def collect_and_clauses(node)
  # Collect the lhs, operator and rhs of all `and` nodes
  # `and` nodes can be nested and can contain `begin` nodes
  # This gives us a source-ordered list of clauses that is then used to look
  # for matching receivers as well as operator locations for offense and corrections
  node.each_descendant(:and)
      .inject(and_parts(node)) { |nodes, and_node| concat_nodes(nodes, and_node) }
      .sort_by { |a| a.is_a?(RuboCop::AST::Node) ? a.source_range.begin_pos : a.begin_pos }
      .each_slice(2)
      .each_cons(2)
end


  








  

    #comments(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 258



def comments(node)
  relevant_comment_ranges(node).each.with_object([]) do |range, comments|
    comments.concat(processed_source.each_comment_in_lines(range).to_a)
  end
end


  








  

    #concat_nodes(nodes, and_node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 216



def concat_nodes(nodes, and_node)
  return nodes if and_node.each_ancestor(:block).any?

  nodes.concat(and_parts(and_node))
end


  








  

    #end_range(node, method_call)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 356



def end_range(node, method_call)
  range_between(method_call.source_range.end_pos, node.source_range.end_pos)
end


  








  

    #extract_common_parts(method_chain, checked_variable)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 296



def extract_common_parts(method_chain, checked_variable)
  matching_receiver = find_matching_receiver_invocation(method_chain, checked_variable)

  method = matching_receiver.parent if matching_receiver

  [checked_variable, matching_receiver, method]
end


  








  

    #extract_if_body(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 243



def extract_if_body(node)
  if node.ternary?
    node.branches.find { |branch| !branch.nil_type? }
  else
    node.node_parts[1]
  end
end


  








  

    #extract_parts_from_if(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 281



def extract_parts_from_if(node)
  variable, receiver =
    if node.ternary?
      ternary_safe_navigation_candidate(node)
    else
      modifier_if_safe_navigation_candidate(node)
    end

  checked_variable, matching_receiver, method = extract_common_parts(receiver, variable)

  matching_receiver = nil if receiver && LOGIC_JUMP_KEYWORDS.include?(receiver.type)

  [checked_variable, matching_receiver, receiver, method]
end


  








  

    #find_matching_receiver_invocation(method_chain, checked_variable)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 304



def find_matching_receiver_invocation(method_chain, checked_variable)
  return nil unless method_chain.respond_to?(:receiver)

  receiver = method_chain.receiver

  return receiver if receiver == checked_variable

  find_matching_receiver_invocation(receiver, checked_variable)
end


  








  

    #find_method_chain(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 198



def find_method_chain(node)
  return node unless node&.parent&.call_type?

  find_method_chain(node.parent)
end


  








  

    #handle_comments(corrector, node, method_call)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 251



def handle_comments(corrector, node, method_call)
  comments = comments(node)
  return if comments.empty?

  corrector.insert_before(method_call, "#{comments.map(&:text).join("\n")}\n")
end


  








  

    #max_chain_length   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 374



def max_chain_length
  cop_config.fetch('MaxChainLength', 2)
end


  








  

    #method_called?(send_node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 348



def method_called?(send_node)
  send_node&.parent&.send_type?
end


  








  

    #modifier_if_safe_navigation_candidate(node)  
  



  

    


if format: (if checked_variable body nil)
unless format: (if checked_variable nil body)



  



  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 104



def_node_matcher :modifier_if_safe_navigation_candidate, <<~PATTERN
  {
    (if {
          (send $_ {:nil? :!})
          $_
        } nil? $_)

    (if {
          (send (send $_ :nil?) :!)
          $_
        } $_ nil?)
  }
PATTERN


  








  

    #negated?(send_node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 340



def negated?(send_node)
  if method_called?(send_node)
    negated?(send_node.parent)
  else
    send_node.send_type? && send_node.method?(:!)
  end
end


  








  

    #not_nil_check?(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 133



def_node_matcher :not_nil_check?, '(send (send $_ :nil?) :!)'


  








  

    #offending_node?(node, lhs_receiver, rhs, rhs_receiver)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 229



def offending_node?(node, lhs_receiver, rhs, rhs_receiver) # rubocop:disable Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity
  return false if lhs_receiver != rhs_receiver || rhs_receiver.nil?
  return false if use_var_only_in_unless_modifier?(node, lhs_receiver)
  return false if chain_length(rhs, rhs_receiver) > max_chain_length
  return false if unsafe_method_used?(rhs, rhs_receiver.parent)
  return false if rhs.send_type? && rhs.method?(:empty?)

  true
end


  








  

    #on_and(node)  
  



  

    


Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity, Metrics/MethodLength



  



  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 157



def on_and(node) # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize, Metrics/CyclomaticComplexity, Metrics/MethodLength
  collect_and_clauses(node).each do |(lhs, lhs_operator_range), (rhs, _rhs_operator_range)|
    lhs_not_nil_check = not_nil_check?(lhs)
    lhs_receiver = lhs_not_nil_check || lhs
    rhs_receiver = find_matching_receiver_invocation(strip_begin(rhs), lhs_receiver)

    next if !cop_config['ConvertCodeThatCanStartToReturnNil'] && lhs_not_nil_check
    next unless offending_node?(node, lhs_receiver, rhs, rhs_receiver)

    # Since we are evaluating every clause in potentially a complex chain of `and` nodes,
    # we need to ensure that there isn't an object check happening
    lhs_method_chain = find_method_chain(lhs_receiver)
    next unless lhs_method_chain == lhs_receiver || lhs_not_nil_check

    report_offense(
      node,
      rhs, rhs_receiver,
      range_with_surrounding_space(range: lhs.source_range, side: :right),
      range_with_surrounding_space(range: lhs_operator_range, side: :right),
      offense_range: range_between(lhs.source_range.begin_pos, rhs.source_range.end_pos)
    )
  end
end


  








  

    #on_if(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 141



def on_if(node)
  return if allowed_if_condition?(node)

  checked_variable, receiver, method_chain, _method = extract_parts_from_if(node)
  return unless offending_node?(node, checked_variable, method_chain, receiver)

  body = extract_if_body(node)
  method_call = receiver.parent

  removal_ranges = [begin_range(node, body), end_range(node, body)]

  report_offense(node, method_chain, method_call, *removal_ranges) do |corrector|
    corrector.insert_before(method_call.loc.dot, '&') unless method_call.safe_navigation?
  end
end


  








  

    #relevant_comment_ranges(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 264



def relevant_comment_ranges(node)
  # Get source lines ranges inside the if node that aren't inside an inner node
  # Comments inside an inner node should remain attached to that node, and not
  # moved.
  begin_pos = node.loc.first_line
  end_pos = node.loc.last_line

  node.child_nodes.each.with_object([]) do |child, ranges|
    ranges << (begin_pos...child.loc.first_line)
    begin_pos = child.loc.last_line
  end << (begin_pos...end_pos)
end


  








  

    #report_offense(node, rhs, rhs_receiver, *removal_ranges, offense_range: node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 181



def report_offense(node, rhs, rhs_receiver, *removal_ranges, offense_range: node)
  add_offense(offense_range) do |corrector|
    # If the RHS is an `or` we cannot safely autocorrect because in order to remove
    # the non-nil check we need to add safe-navs to all clauses where the receiver is used
    next if and_with_rhs_or?(node)

    removal_ranges.each { |range| corrector.remove(range) }
    yield corrector if block_given?

    handle_comments(corrector, node, rhs)

    add_safe_nav_to_all_methods_in_chain(corrector, rhs_receiver, rhs)
  end
end


  








  

    #strip_begin(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 139



def_node_matcher :strip_begin, '{ (begin $!begin) $!(begin) }'


  








  

    #ternary_safe_navigation_candidate(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 119



def_node_matcher :ternary_safe_navigation_candidate, <<~PATTERN
  {
    (if (send $_ {:nil? :!}) nil $_)

    (if (send (send $_ :nil?) :!) $_ nil)

    (if $_ $_ nil)
  }
PATTERN


  








  

    #unsafe_method?(send_node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 334



def unsafe_method?(send_node)
  negated?(send_node) ||
    send_node.assignment? ||
    (!send_node.dot? && !send_node.safe_navigation?)
end


  








  

    #unsafe_method_used?(method_chain, method)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 322



def unsafe_method_used?(method_chain, method)
  return true if unsafe_method?(method)

  method.each_ancestor(:send).any? do |ancestor|
    break true unless config.for_cop('Lint/SafeNavigationChain')['Enabled']

    break true if unsafe_method?(ancestor)
    break true if nil_methods.include?(ancestor.method_name)
    break false if ancestor == method_chain
  end
end


  








  

    #use_var_only_in_unless_modifier?(node, variable)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 239



def use_var_only_in_unless_modifier?(node, variable)
  node.if_type? && node.unless? && !method_called?(variable)
end