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Class: RuboCop::Cop::Style::SafeNavigation

Relationships & Source Files
Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance
Class Chain:
self, ::RuboCop::Cop::TargetRubyVersion, ::RuboCop::Cop::AutoCorrector, ::RuboCop::Cop::Base, ::RuboCop::ExcludeLimit, NodePattern::Macros, RuboCop::AST::Sexp
Instance Chain:
self, ::RuboCop::Cop::RangeHelp, ::RuboCop::Cop::NilMethods, ::RuboCop::Cop::AllowedMethods, ::RuboCop::Cop::Base, ::RuboCop::Cop::AutocorrectLogic, ::RuboCop::Cop::IgnoredNode, ::RuboCop::Util, RuboCop::AST::Sexp
Inherits: RuboCop::Cop::Base
Defined in: lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb

Overview

Transforms usages of a method call safeguarded by a non nil check for the variable whose method is being called to safe navigation (&.). If there is a method chain, all of the methods in the chain need to be checked for safety, and all of the methods will need to be changed to use safe navigation.

The default for ConvertCodeThatCanStartToReturnNil is false. When configured to true, this will check for code in the format !foo.nil? && foo.bar. As it is written, the return of this code is limited to false and whatever the return of the method is. If this is converted to safe navigation, foo&.bar can start returning nil as well as what the method returns.

The default for MaxChainLength is 2 We have limited the cop to not register an offense for method chains that exceed this option is set.

Examples:

# bad
foo.bar if foo
foo.bar.baz if foo
foo.bar(param1, param2) if foo
foo.bar { |e| e.something } if foo
foo.bar(param) { |e| e.something } if foo

foo.bar if !foo.nil?
foo.bar unless !foo
foo.bar unless foo.nil?

foo && foo.bar
foo && foo.bar.baz
foo && foo.bar(param1, param2)
foo && foo.bar { |e| e.something }
foo && foo.bar(param) { |e| e.something }

foo ? foo.bar : nil
foo.nil? ? nil : foo.bar
!foo.nil? ? foo.bar : nil
!foo ? nil : foo.bar

# good
foo&.bar
foo&.bar&.baz
foo&.bar(param1, param2)
foo&.bar { |e| e.something }
foo&.bar(param) { |e| e.something }
foo && foo.bar.baz.qux # method chain with more than 2 methods
foo && foo.nil? # method that `nil` responds to

# Method calls that do not use `.`
foo && foo < bar
foo < bar if foo

# When checking `foo&.empty?` in a conditional, `foo` being `nil` will actually
# do the opposite of what the author intends.
foo && foo.empty?

# This could start returning `nil` as well as the return of the method
foo.nil? || foo.bar
!foo || foo.bar

# Methods that are used on assignment, arithmetic operation or
# comparison should not be converted to use safe navigation
foo.baz = bar if foo
foo.baz + bar if foo
foo.bar > 2 if foo

Cop Safety Information:

  • Autocorrection is unsafe because if a value is false, the resulting code will have different behavior or raise an error.

    x = false
x && x.foo  # return false
x&.foo      # raises NoMethodError

Constant Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

EMPTY_OFFENSES, RESTRICT_ON_SEND

::RuboCop::Cop::RangeHelp - Included

BYTE_ORDER_MARK, NOT_GIVEN

Class Attribute Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::AutoCorrector - Extended

support_autocorrect?

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

.gem_requirements, .lint?,
.support_autocorrect?

Returns if class supports autocorrect.
.support_multiple_source?

Override if your cop should be called repeatedly for multiple investigations Between calls to on_new_investigation and on_investigation_end, the result of processed_source will remain constant.
.builtin?

Class Method Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::TargetRubyVersion - Extended

minimum_target_ruby_version, required_minimum_ruby_version, support_target_ruby_version?

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

.autocorrect_incompatible_with

List of cops that should not try to autocorrect at the same time as this cop.
.badge

Naming.
.callbacks_needed, .cop_name, .department,
.documentation_url

Cops (other than builtin) are encouraged to implement this.
.exclude_from_registry

Call for abstract Cop classes.
.inherited,
.joining_forces

Override and return the Force class(es) you need to join.
.match?

Returns true if the cop name or the cop namespace matches any of the given names.
.new,
.requires_gem

Register a version requirement for the given gem name.
.restrict_on_send

::RuboCop::ExcludeLimit - Extended

exclude_limit

Sets up a configuration option to have an exclude limit tracked.
transform

Instance Attribute Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

#active_support_extensions_enabled?, #always_autocorrect?, #config, #config_to_allow_offenses, #config_to_allow_offenses=, #contextual_autocorrect?, #processed_source, #target_satisfies_all_gem_version_requirements?

::RuboCop::Cop::AutocorrectLogic - Included

#autocorrect?, #autocorrect_enabled?, #autocorrect_requested?, #autocorrect_with_disable_uncorrectable?, #correctable?, #disable_uncorrectable?, #safe_autocorrect?

Instance Method Summary

::RuboCop::Cop::RangeHelp - Included

#add_range, #column_offset_between,
#contents_range

A range containing only the contents of a literal with delimiters (e.g.
#directions,
#effective_column

Returns the column attribute of the range, except if the range is on the first line and there’s a byte order mark at the beginning of that line, in which case 1 is subtracted from the column value.
#final_pos, #move_pos, #move_pos_str, #range_between, #range_by_whole_lines, #range_with_comments, #range_with_comments_and_lines, #range_with_surrounding_comma, #range_with_surrounding_space, #source_range

::RuboCop::Cop::NilMethods - Included

#nil_methods, #other_stdlib_methods

::RuboCop::Cop::AllowedMethods - Included

#allowed_method?, #allowed_methods, #cop_config_allowed_methods, #cop_config_deprecated_values,
#ignored_method?

Alias for AllowedMethods#allowed_method?.

::RuboCop::Cop::Base - Inherited

#add_global_offense

Adds an offense that has no particular location.
#add_offense

Adds an offense on the specified range (or node with an expression) Unless that offense is disabled for this range, a corrector will be yielded to provide the cop the opportunity to autocorrect the offense.
#begin_investigation

Called before any investigation.
#callbacks_needed,
#cop_config

Configuration Helpers.
#cop_name, #excluded_file?,
#external_dependency_checksum

This method should be overridden when a cop’s behavior depends on state that lives outside of these locations:
#inspect,
#message

Gets called if no message is specified when calling add_offense or add_global_offense Cops are discouraged to override this; instead pass your message directly.
#name

Alias for Base#cop_name.
#offenses,
#on_investigation_end

Called after all on_…​
#on_new_investigation

Called before all on_…​
#on_other_file

Called instead of all on_…​
#parse

There should be very limited reasons for a Cop to do it’s own parsing.
#parser_engine,
#ready

Called between investigations.
#relevant_file?, #target_rails_version, #target_ruby_version, #annotate, #apply_correction, #attempt_correction,
#callback_argument

Reserved for Cop::Cop.
#complete_investigation

Called to complete an investigation.
#correct, #current_corrector,
#current_offense_locations

Reserved for Commissioner:
#current_offenses, #currently_disabled_lines, #custom_severity, #default_severity, #disable_uncorrectable, #enabled_line?, #file_name_matches_any?, #find_message, #find_severity, #range_for_original, #range_from_node_or_range, #reset_investigation, #use_corrector

::RuboCop::Cop::AutocorrectLogic - Included

#disable_offense, #disable_offense_at_end_of_line, #disable_offense_before_and_after, #disable_offense_with_eol_or_surround_comment, #max_line_length,
#range_by_lines

Expand the given range to include all of any lines it covers.
#range_of_first_line, #surrounding_heredoc, #surrounding_percent_array

::RuboCop::Cop::IgnoredNode - Included

#ignore_node, #ignored_node?, #part_of_ignored_node?, #ignored_nodes

Constructor Details

This class inherits a constructor from RuboCop::Cop::Base

Instance Method Details

#add_safe_nav_to_all_methods_in_chain(corrector, start_method, method_chain) (private)

[ GitHub ] 

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 307



def add_safe_nav_to_all_methods_in_chain(corrector,
                                         start_method,
                                         method_chain)
  start_method.each_ancestor do |ancestor|
    break unless %i[send block].include?(ancestor.type)
    next unless ancestor.send_type?

    corrector.insert_before(ancestor.loc.dot, '&')

    break if ancestor == method_chain
  end
end


  








  

    #allowed_if_condition?(node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 200



def allowed_if_condition?(node)
  node.else? || node.elsif?
end


  








  

    #autocorrect(corrector, node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 154



def autocorrect(corrector, node)
  body = extract_body(node)
  method_call = method_call(node)

  corrector.remove(begin_range(node, body))
  corrector.remove(end_range(node, body))
  corrector.insert_before(method_call.loc.dot, '&') unless method_call.safe_navigation?
  handle_comments(corrector, node, method_call)

  add_safe_nav_to_all_methods_in_chain(corrector, method_call, body)
end


  








  

    #begin_range(node, method_call)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 299



def begin_range(node, method_call)
  range_between(node.source_range.begin_pos, method_call.source_range.begin_pos)
end


  








  

    #chain_length(method_chain, method)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 261



def chain_length(method_chain, method)
  method.each_ancestor(:send).inject(1) do |total, ancestor|
    break total + 1 if ancestor == method_chain

    total + 1
  end
end


  








  

    #check_node(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 139



def check_node(node)
  checked_variable, receiver, method_chain, method = extract_parts(node)
  return if receiver != checked_variable || receiver.nil?
  return if use_var_only_in_unless_modifier?(node, checked_variable)
  return if chain_length(method_chain, method) > max_chain_length
  return if unsafe_method_used?(method_chain, method)
  return if method_chain.method?(:empty?)

  add_offense(node) { |corrector| autocorrect(corrector, node) }
end


  








  

    #comments(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 181



def comments(node)
  relevant_comment_ranges(node).each.with_object([]) do |range, comments|
    comments.concat(processed_source.each_comment_in_lines(range).to_a)
  end
end


  








  

    #end_range(node, method_call)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 303



def end_range(node, method_call)
  range_between(method_call.source_range.end_pos, node.source_range.end_pos)
end


  








  

    #extract_body(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 166



def extract_body(node)
  if node.if_type? && node.ternary?
    node.branches.find { |branch| !branch.nil_type? }
  else
    node.node_parts[1]
  end
end


  








  

    #extract_common_parts(method_chain, checked_variable)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 243



def extract_common_parts(method_chain, checked_variable)
  matching_receiver = find_matching_receiver_invocation(method_chain, checked_variable)

  method = matching_receiver.parent if matching_receiver

  [checked_variable, matching_receiver, method]
end


  








  

    #extract_parts(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 209



def extract_parts(node)
  case node.type
  when :if
    extract_parts_from_if(node)
  when :and
    extract_parts_from_and(node)
  end
end


  








  

    #extract_parts_from_and(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 233



def extract_parts_from_and(node)
  checked_variable, rhs = *node
  if cop_config['ConvertCodeThatCanStartToReturnNil']
    checked_variable = not_nil_check?(checked_variable) || checked_variable
  end

  checked_variable, matching_receiver, method = extract_common_parts(rhs, checked_variable)
  [checked_variable, matching_receiver, rhs, method]
end


  








  

    #extract_parts_from_if(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 218



def extract_parts_from_if(node)
  variable, receiver =
    if node.ternary?
      ternary_safe_navigation_candidate(node)
    else
      modifier_if_safe_navigation_candidate(node)
    end

  checked_variable, matching_receiver, method = extract_common_parts(receiver, variable)

  matching_receiver = nil if receiver && LOGIC_JUMP_KEYWORDS.include?(receiver.type)

  [checked_variable, matching_receiver, receiver, method]
end


  








  

    #find_matching_receiver_invocation(method_chain, checked_variable)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 251



def find_matching_receiver_invocation(method_chain, checked_variable)
  return nil unless method_chain

  receiver = method_chain.receiver

  return receiver if receiver == checked_variable

  find_matching_receiver_invocation(receiver, checked_variable)
end


  








  

    #handle_comments(corrector, node, method_call)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 174



def handle_comments(corrector, node, method_call)
  comments = comments(node)
  return if comments.empty?

  corrector.insert_before(method_call, "#{comments.map(&:text).join("\n")}\n")
end


  








  

    #max_chain_length   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 320



def max_chain_length
  cop_config.fetch('MaxChainLength', 2)
end


  








  

    #method_call(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 204



def method_call(node)
  _checked_variable, matching_receiver, = extract_parts(node)
  matching_receiver.parent
end


  








  

    #method_called?(send_node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 295



def method_called?(send_node)
  send_node&.parent&.send_type?
end


  








  

    #modifier_if_safe_navigation_candidate(node)  
  



  

    


if format: (if checked_variable body nil)
unless format: (if checked_variable nil body)



  



  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 99



def_node_matcher :modifier_if_safe_navigation_candidate, <<~PATTERN
  {
    (if {
          (send $_ {:nil? :!})
          $_
        } nil? $_)

    (if {
          (send (send $_ :nil?) :!)
          $_
        } $_ nil?)
  }
PATTERN


  








  

    #negated?(send_node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 287



def negated?(send_node)
  if method_called?(send_node)
    negated?(send_node.parent)
  else
    send_node.send_type? && send_node.method?(:!)
  end
end


  








  

    #not_nil_check?(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 125



def_node_matcher :not_nil_check?, '(send (send $_ :nil?) :!)'


  








  

    #on_and(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 133



def on_and(node)
  check_node(node)
end


  








  

    #on_if(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 127



def on_if(node)
  return if allowed_if_condition?(node)

  check_node(node)
end


  








  

    #relevant_comment_ranges(node)   (private)
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 187



def relevant_comment_ranges(node)
  # Get source lines ranges inside the if node that aren't inside an inner node
  # Comments inside an inner node should remain attached to that node, and not
  # moved.
  begin_pos = node.loc.first_line
  end_pos = node.loc.last_line

  node.child_nodes.each.with_object([]) do |child, ranges|
    ranges << (begin_pos...child.loc.first_line)
    begin_pos = child.loc.last_line
  end << (begin_pos...end_pos)
end


  








  

    #ternary_safe_navigation_candidate(node)  
  

  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 114



def_node_matcher :ternary_safe_navigation_candidate, <<~PATTERN
  {
    (if (send $_ {:nil? :!}) nil $_)

    (if (send (send $_ :nil?) :!) $_ nil)

    (if $_ $_ nil)
  }
PATTERN


  








  

    #unsafe_method?(send_node)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 281



def unsafe_method?(send_node)
  negated?(send_node) ||
    send_node.assignment? ||
    (!send_node.dot? && !send_node.safe_navigation?)
end


  








  

    #unsafe_method_used?(method_chain, method)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 269



def unsafe_method_used?(method_chain, method)
  return true if unsafe_method?(method)

  method.each_ancestor(:send).any? do |ancestor|
    break true unless config.for_cop('Lint/SafeNavigationChain')['Enabled']

    break true if unsafe_method?(ancestor)
    break true if nil_methods.include?(ancestor.method_name)
    break false if ancestor == method_chain
  end
end


  








  

    #use_var_only_in_unless_modifier?(node, variable)  ⇒ Boolean  (private)
  



  

    
  





  


  [ GitHub ]


  

  


# File 'lib/rubocop/cop/style/safe_navigation.rb', line 150



def use_var_only_in_unless_modifier?(node, variable)
  node.if_type? && node.unless? && !method_called?(variable)
end