Module: ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper::Resources
Relationships & Source Files | |
Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants | |
Included In:
| |
Defined in: | actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb |
Overview
Resource
routing allows you to quickly declare all of the common routes for a given resourceful controller. Instead of declaring separate routes for your index
, show
, #new, edit
, create
, update
, and destroy
actions, a resourceful route declares them in a single line of code:
resources :photos
Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to the show action.
resource :profile
It’s common to have resources that are logically children of other resources:
resources :magazines do
resources :ads
end
You may wish to organize groups of controllers under a namespace. Most commonly, you might group a number of administrative controllers under an admin
namespace. You would place these controllers under the app/controllers/admin
directory, and you can group them together in your router:
namespace "admin" do
resources :posts, :comments
end
By default the :id
parameter doesn’t accept dots. If you need to use dots as part of the :id
parameter add a constraint which overrides this restriction, e.g:
resources :articles, id: /[^\/]+/
This allows any character other than a slash as part of your :id
.
Constant Summary
-
CANONICAL_ACTIONS =
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1175%w(index create new show update destroy)
-
RESOURCE_OPTIONS =
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1174[:as, :controller, :path, :only, :except, :param, :concerns]
-
VALID_ON_OPTIONS =
CANONICAL_ACTIONS holds all actions that does not need a prefix or a path appended since they fit properly in their scope level.
[:new, :collection, :member]
Instance Attribute Summary
- #shallow readonly
- #shallow? ⇒ Boolean readonly
- #api_only? ⇒ Boolean readonly private
Instance Method Summary
-
#collection(&block)
To add a route to the collection:
-
#draw(name)
Loads another routes file with the given
name
located inside theconfig/routes
directory. -
#match(path, *rest, &block)
Matches a URL pattern to one or more routes.
-
#member(&block)
To add a member route, add a member block into the resource block:
-
#namespace(path, options = {})
See Scoping#namespace.
- #nested(&block)
- #new(&block)
-
#resource(*resources, &block)
Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID.
-
#resources(*resources, &block)
In Rails, a resourceful route provides a mapping between HTTP verbs and URLs and controller actions.
- #resources_path_names(options)
-
#root(path, options = {})
You can specify what Rails should route “/” to with the root method:
- #set_member_mappings_for_resource private
- #with_scope_level(kind) private
Instance Attribute Details
#api_only? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly, private)
[ GitHub ]
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1927
def api_only? # :doc: @set.api_only? end
#shallow (readonly)
[ GitHub ]# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1624
def shallow @scope = @scope.new(shallow: true) yield ensure @scope = @scope.parent end
#shallow? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
[ GitHub ]
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1631
def shallow? !parent_resource.singleton? && @scope[:shallow] end
Instance Method Details
#collection(&block)
To add a route to the collection:
resources :photos do
collection do
get 'search'
end
end
This will enable Rails to recognize paths such as /photos/search
with GET, and route to the search action of PhotosController
. It will also create the search_photos_url
and search_photos_path
route helpers.
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1548
def collection(&block) unless resource_scope? raise ArgumentError, "can't use collection outside resource(s) scope" end with_scope_level(:collection) do path_scope(parent_resource.collection_scope, &block) end end
#draw(name)
Loads another routes file with the given name
located inside the config/routes
directory. In that file, you can use the normal routing DSL, but do not surround it with a Rails.application.routes.draw
block.
# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
draw :admin # Loads {config/routes/admin.rb}
draw "third_party/some_gem" # Loads {config/routes/third_party/some_gem.rb}
end
# config/routes/admin.rb
namespace :admin do
resources :accounts
end
# config/routes/third_party/some_gem.rb
mount SomeGem::Engine, at: "/some_gem"
CAUTION: Use this feature with care. Having multiple routes files can negatively impact discoverability and readability. For most applications — even those with a few hundred routes — it’s easier for developers to have a single routes file.
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1658
def draw(name) path = @draw_paths.find do |_path| File.exist? "#{_path}/#{name}.rb" end unless path msg = "Your router tried to #draw the external file #{name}.rb,\n" \ "but the file was not found in:\n\n" msg += @draw_paths.map { |_path| " * #{_path}" }.join("\n") raise ArgumentError, msg end route_path = "#{path}/#{name}.rb" instance_eval(File.read(route_path), route_path.to_s) end
#match(path, *rest, &block)
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1680
def match(path, *rest, &block) if rest.empty? && Hash === path = path path, to = .find { |name, _value| name.is_a?(String) } raise ArgumentError, "Route path not specified" if path.nil? case to when Symbol [:action] = to when String if to.include?("#") [:to] = to else [:controller] = to end else [:to] = to end .delete(path) paths = [path] else = rest.pop || {} paths = [path] + rest end if .key?(:defaults) defaults( .delete(:defaults)) { map_match(paths, , &block) } else map_match(paths, , &block) end end
#member(&block)
To add a member route, add a member block into the resource block:
resources :photos do
member do
get 'preview'
end
end
This will recognize /photos/1/preview
with GET, and route to the preview action of PhotosController
. It will also create the preview_photo_url
and preview_photo_path
helpers.
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1569
def member(&block) unless resource_scope? raise ArgumentError, "can't use member outside resource(s) scope" end with_scope_level(:member) do if shallow? shallow_scope { path_scope(parent_resource.member_scope, &block) } else path_scope(parent_resource.member_scope, &block) end end end
#namespace(path, options = {})
See Scoping#namespace.
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1616
def namespace(path, = {}) if resource_scope? nested { super } else super end end
#nested(&block)
[ GitHub ]# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1595
def nested(&block) unless resource_scope? raise ArgumentError, "can't use nested outside resource(s) scope" end with_scope_level(:nested) do if shallow? && shallow_nesting_depth >= 1 shallow_scope do path_scope(parent_resource.nested_scope) do scope(, &block) end end else path_scope(parent_resource.nested_scope) do scope(, &block) end end end end
#new(&block)
[ GitHub ]# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1585
def new(&block) unless resource_scope? raise ArgumentError, "can't use new outside resource(s) scope" end with_scope_level(:new) do path_scope(parent_resource.new_scope(action_path(:new)), &block) end end
#resource(*resources, &block)
Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID. A common example, /profile always shows the profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource to map /profile (rather than /profile/:id) to the show action:
resource :profile
This creates six different routes in your application, all mapping to the Profiles
controller (note that the controller is named after the plural):
GET /profile/new
GET /profile
GET /profile/edit
PATCH/PUT /profile
DELETE /profile
POST /profile
If you want instances of a model to work with this resource via record identification (e.g. in form_with
or redirect_to
), you will need to call resolve:
resource :profile
resolve('Profile') { [:profile] }
# Enables this to work with singular routes:
form_with(model: @profile) {}
Options
Takes same options as resources
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1340
def resource(*resources, &block) = resources. .dup if apply_common_behavior_for(:resource, resources, , &block) return self end with_scope_level(:resource) do = resource_scope(SingletonResource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], )) do yield if block_given? concerns( [:concerns]) if [:concerns] new do get :new end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:new) set_member_mappings_for_resource collection do post :create end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:create) end end self end
#resources(*resources, &block)
In Rails, a resourceful route provides a mapping between HTTP verbs and URLs and controller actions. By convention, each action also maps to particular CRUD operations in a database. A single entry in the routing file, such as
resources :photos
creates seven different routes in your application, all mapping to the Photos
controller:
GET /photos
GET /photos/new
POST /photos
GET /photos/:id
GET /photos/:id/edit
PATCH/PUT /photos/:id
DELETE /photos/:id
Resources
can also be nested infinitely by using this block syntax:
resources :photos do
resources :comments
end
This generates the following comments routes:
GET /photos/:photo_id/comments
GET /photos/:photo_id/comments/new
POST /photos/:photo_id/comments
GET /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
GET /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id/edit
PATCH/PUT /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
DELETE /photos/:photo_id/comments/:id
Options
Takes same options as match as well as:
- :path_names
-
Allows you to change the segment component of the
edit
and #new actions. Actions not specified are not changed.resources :posts, path_names: { new: "brand_new" }
The above example will now change /posts/new to /posts/brand_new.
- :path
-
Allows you to change the path prefix for the resource.
resources :posts, path: 'postings'
The resource and all segments will now route to /postings instead of /posts.
- :only
-
Only generate routes for the given actions.
resources :cows, only: :show resources :cows, only: [:show, :index]
- :except
-
Generate all routes except for the given actions.
resources :cows, except: :show resources :cows, except: [:show, :index]
- :shallow
-
Generates shallow routes for nested resource(s). When placed on a parent resource, generates shallow routes for all nested resources.
resources :posts, shallow: true do resources :comments end
Is the same as:
resources :posts do resources :comments, except: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] end resources :comments, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]
This allows URLs for resources that otherwise would be deeply nested such as a comment on a blog post like
/posts/a-long-permalink/comments/1234
to be shortened to just/comments/1234
.Set
shallow: false
on a child resource to ignore a parent’s shallow parameter. - :shallow_path
-
Prefixes nested shallow routes with the specified path.
scope shallow_path: "sekret" do resources :posts do resources :comments, shallow: true end end
The
comments
resource here will have the following routes generated for it:post_comments GET /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) post_comments POST /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) new_post_comment GET /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format) edit_comment GET /sekret/comments/:id/edit(.:format) comment GET /sekret/comments/:id(.:format) comment PATCH/PUT /sekret/comments/:id(.:format) comment DELETE /sekret/comments/:id(.:format)
- :shallow_prefix
-
Prefixes nested shallow route names with specified prefix.
scope shallow_prefix: "sekret" do resources :posts do resources :comments, shallow: true end end
The
comments
resource here will have the following routes generated for it:post_comments GET /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) post_comments POST /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) new_post_comment GET /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format) edit_sekret_comment GET /comments/:id/edit(.:format) sekret_comment GET /comments/:id(.:format) sekret_comment PATCH/PUT /comments/:id(.:format) sekret_comment DELETE /comments/:id(.:format)
- :format
-
Allows you to specify the default value for optional
format
segment or disable it by supplyingfalse
. - :param
-
Allows you to override the default param name of
:id
in the URL.
Examples
# routes call {Admin::PostsController}
resources :posts, module: "admin"
# resource actions are at /admin/posts.
resources :posts, path: "admin/posts"
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1506
def resources(*resources, &block) = resources. .dup if apply_common_behavior_for(:resources, resources, , &block) return self end with_scope_level(:resources) do = resource_scope(Resource.new(resources.pop, api_only?, @scope[:shallow], )) do yield if block_given? concerns( [:concerns]) if [:concerns] collection do get :index if parent_resource.actions.include?(:index) post :create if parent_resource.actions.include?(:create) end new do get :new end if parent_resource.actions.include?(:new) set_member_mappings_for_resource end end self end
#resources_path_names(options)
[ GitHub ]# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1305
def resources_path_names( ) @scope[:path_names].merge!( ) end
#root(path, options = {})
You can specify what Rails should route “/” to with the root method:
root to: 'pages#main'
For options, see #match, as root
uses it internally.
You can also pass a string which will expand
root 'pages#main'
You should put the root route at the top of config/routes.rb
, because this means it will be matched first. As this is the most popular route of most Rails applications, this is beneficial.
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1727
def root(path, = {}) if path.is_a?(String) [:to] = path elsif path.is_a?(Hash) && .empty? = path else raise ArgumentError, "must be called with a path and/or options" end if @scope.resources? with_scope_level(:root) do path_scope(parent_resource.path) do match_root_route( ) end end else match_root_route( ) end end
#set_member_mappings_for_resource (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1915
def set_member_mappings_for_resource # :doc: member do get :edit if parent_resource.actions.include?(:edit) get :show if parent_resource.actions.include?(:show) if parent_resource.actions.include?(:update) patch :update put :update end delete :destroy if parent_resource.actions.include?(:destroy) end end
#with_scope_level(kind) (private)
[ GitHub ]# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb', line 1811
def with_scope_level(kind) # :doc: @scope = @scope.new_level(kind) yield ensure @scope = @scope.parent end