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Class: ActionDispatch::Cookies

Relationships & Source Files
Namespace Children
Modules:
Inherits: Object
Defined in: actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb

Overview

Cookies are read and written through ActionController#cookies.

The cookies being read are the ones received along with the request, the cookies being written will be sent out with the response. Reading a cookie does not get the cookie object itself back, just the value it holds.

Examples of writing:

# Sets a simple session cookie.
# This cookie will be deleted when the user's browser is closed.
cookies[:user_name] = "david"

# Cookie values are String based. Other data types need to be serialized.
cookies[:lat_lon] = JSON.generate([47.68, -122.37])

# Sets a cookie that expires in 1 hour.
cookies[:] = { value: "XJ-122", expires: 1.hour.from_now }

# Sets a signed cookie, which prevents users from tampering with its value.
# The cookie is signed by your app's `secrets.secret_key_base` value.
# It can be read using the signed method `cookies.signed[:name]`
cookies.signed[:user_id] = current_user.id

# Sets a "permanent" cookie (which expires in 20 years from now).
cookies.permanent[:] = "XJ-122"

# You can also chain these methods:
cookies.permanent.signed[:] = "XJ-122"

Examples of reading:

cookies[:user_name]           # => "david"
cookies.size                  # => 2
JSON.parse(cookies[:lat_lon]) # => [47.68, -122.37]
cookies.signed[:]        # => "XJ-122"

Example for deleting:

cookies.delete :user_name

Please note that if you specify a :domain when setting a cookie, you must also specify the domain when deleting the cookie:

cookies[:name] = {
  value: 'a yummy cookie',
  expires: 1.year.from_now,
  domain: 'domain.com'
}

cookies.delete(:name, domain: 'domain.com')

The option symbols for setting cookies are:

  • :value - The cookie's value.

  • :path - The path for which this cookie applies. Defaults to the root of the application.

  • :domain - The domain for which this cookie applies so you can restrict to the domain level. If you use a schema like www.example.com and want to share session with user.example.com set :domain to :all. Make sure to specify the :domain option with :all or ::Array again when deleting cookies.

    domain: nil  # Does not sets cookie domain. (default)
    domain: :all # Allow the cookie for the top most level
                 # domain and subdomains.
    domain: %w(.example.com .example.org) # Allow the cookie
                                          # for concrete domain names.
  • :expires - The time at which this cookie expires, as a Time object.

  • :secure - Whether this cookie is only transmitted to HTTPS servers. Default is false.

  • :httponly - Whether this cookie is accessible via scripting or only HTTP. Defaults to false.

Constant Summary

Class Method Summary

Instance Method Summary

Constructor Details

.new(app) ⇒ Cookies

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb', line 555

def initialize(app)
  @app = app
end

Instance Method Details

#call(env)

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb', line 559

def call(env)
  status, headers, body = @app.call(env)

  if cookie_jar = env['action_dispatch.cookies']
    unless cookie_jar.committed?
      cookie_jar.write(headers)
      if headers[HTTP_HEADER].respond_to?(:join)
        headers[HTTP_HEADER] = headers[HTTP_HEADER].join("\n")
      end
    end
  end

  [status, headers, body]
end