Module: Puma::Const

Relationships & Source Files
Namespace Children
Modules: `PipeRequest`
Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants
Included In: `Binder`, `Client`, `ClientEnv`, `ErrorLogger`, `Response`, `Server`
Defined in:	lib/puma/const.rb

Overview

Frequently used constants when constructing requests or responses. Many times the constant just refers to a string with the same contents. Using these constants gave about a 3% to 10% performance improvement over using the strings directly.

The constants are frozen because Hash#[]= when called with a String key dups the String UNLESS the String is frozen. This saves us therefore 2 object allocations when creating the env hash later.

While Puma does try to emulate the CGI/1.2 protocol, it does not use the REMOTE_IDENT, REMOTE_USER, or REMOTE_HOST parameters since those are either a security problem or too taxing on performance.

Constant Summary

BANNED_HEADER_KEY =

Banned keys of response header

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 294
```
/\A(rack\.|status\z)/.freeze
```
CGI_VER =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 223
```
"CGI/1.2"
```
CHUNKED =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 266
```
"chunked"
```
CHUNK_SIZE =

The basic max request size we'll try to read.

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 138
```
64 * 1024
```
CLOSE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 252
```
"close"
```
CLOSE_CHUNKED =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 264
```
"0\r\n\r\n"
```
CODE_NAME =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 104
```
"Into the Arena"
```
COLON =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 268
```
": "
```
CONNECTION_CLOSE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 260
```
"connection: close\r\n"
```
CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 261
```
"connection: keep-alive\r\n"
```
CONTENT_LENGTH =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 116
```
"CONTENT_LENGTH"
```
CONTENT_LENGTH2 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 255
```
"content-length"
```
CONTENT_LENGTH_S =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 256
```
"content-length: "
```
CONTINUE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 246
```
"100-continue"
```
DQUOTE =

Illegal character in the key or value of response header

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 279
```
"\""
```
EARLY_HINTS =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 276
```
"rack.early_hints"
```

ERROR_RESPONSE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 122

{
  # Indicate that we couldn't parse the request
  400 => "HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n\r\n",
  # The standard empty 404 response for bad requests.  Use Error4040Handler for custom stuff.
  404 => "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\nconnection: close\r\n\r\n",
  # The standard empty 408 response for requests that timed out.
  408 => "HTTP/1.1 408 Request Timeout\r\nconnection: close\r\n\r\n",
  # Indicate that there was an internal error, obviously.
  500 => "HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error\r\n\r\n",
  # Incorrect or invalid header value
  501 => "HTTP/1.1 501 Not Implemented\r\n\r\n",
  # A common header for indicating the server is too busy.  Not used yet.
  503 => "HTTP/1.1 503 Service Unavailable\r\n\r\n"
}.freeze

GATEWAY_INTERFACE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 222
```
"GATEWAY_INTERFACE"
```
HALT_COMMAND =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 226
```
"!"
```
HEAD =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 148
```
"HEAD"
```
HIJACK =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 273
```
"rack.hijack"
```
HIJACK_IO =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 274
```
"rack.hijack_io"
```
HIJACK_P =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 272
```
"rack.hijack?"
```
HTTP =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 238
```
"http"
```
HTTPS =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 239
```
"https"
```
HTTPS_KEY =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 241
```
"HTTPS"
```
HTTP_10_200 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 250
```
"HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
```
HTTP_11 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 219
```
"HTTP/1.1"
```
HTTP_11_100 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 248
```
"HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n"
```
HTTP_11_200 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 249
```
"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
```
HTTP_CONNECTION =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 244
```
"HTTP_CONNECTION"
```
HTTP_EXPECT =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 245
```
"HTTP_EXPECT"
```
HTTP_HEADER_DELIMITER =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 280
```
Regexp.escape("(),/:;<=>?@[]{}\\").freeze
```
HTTP_HOST =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 209
```
"HTTP_HOST"
```
HTTP_VERSION =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 243
```
"HTTP_VERSION"
```
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 202
```
"HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"
```
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 205
```
"HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO"
```
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SCHEME =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 204
```
"HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SCHEME"
```
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 203
```
"HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL"
```

IANA_HTTP_METHODS =

list from https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-methods/http-methods.xhtml as of 17-Jun-26, with QUERY added based on https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc10008.html

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 156

%w[
  ACL
  BASELINE-CONTROL
  BIND
  CHECKIN
  CHECKOUT
  CONNECT
  COPY
  DELETE
  GET
  HEAD
  LABEL
  LINK
  LOCK
  MERGE
  MKACTIVITY
  MKCALENDAR
  MKCOL
  MKREDIRECTREF
  MKWORKSPACE
  MOVE
  OPTIONS
  ORDERPATCH
  PATCH
  POST
  PRI
  PROPFIND
  PROPPATCH
  PUT
  QUERY
  REBIND
  REPORT
  SEARCH
  TRACE
  UNBIND
  UNCHECKOUT
  UNLINK
  UNLOCK
  UPDATE
  UPDATEREDIRECTREF
  VERSION-CONTROL
].freeze

ILLEGAL_HEADER_KEY_REGEX =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 281
```
/[\x00-\x20#{DQUOTE}#{HTTP_HEADER_DELIMITER}]/.freeze
```
ILLEGAL_HEADER_VALUE_REGEX =

header values can contain HTAB?

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 283
```
/[\x00-\x08\x0A-\x1F]/.freeze
```
KEEP_ALIVE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 253
```
"keep-alive"
```
LINE_END =

ETag is based on the apache standard of hex mtime-size-inode (inode is 0 on win32)

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 200
```
"\r\n"
```
LOCALHOST =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 212
```
"localhost"
```
LOCALHOST_IPV4 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 213
```
"127.0.0.1"
```
LOCALHOST_IPV6 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 214
```
"::1"
```
MAX_BODY =

Maximum request body size before it is moved out of memory and into a tempfile for reading.

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 145
```
MAX_HEADER
```
MAX_HEADER =

This is the maximum header that is allowed before a client is booted. The parser detects this, but we'd also like to do this as well.

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 142
```
1024 * (80 + 32)
```
NEWLINE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 270
```
"\n"
```
PATH_INFO =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 118
```
"PATH_INFO"
```
PORT_443 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 211
```
"443"
```
PORT_80 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 210
```
"80"
```
PROXY_PROTOCOL_V1_MAX_LENGTH =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 297
```
107
```
PROXY_PROTOCOL_V1_REGEX =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 296
```
/\APROXY (?:TCP4|TCP6|UNKNOWN) ([^\r]+)\r\n/.freeze
```
PUMA_CONFIG =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 234
```
"puma.config"
```
PUMA_PEERCERT =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 235
```
"puma.peercert"
```
PUMA_SERVER_STRING =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 106
```
["puma", PUMA_VERSION, CODE_NAME].join(" ").freeze
```
PUMA_SOCKET =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 233
```
"puma.socket"
```
PUMA_TMP_BASE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 120
```
"puma"
```
PUMA_UNDERSCORE_HEADERS =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 236
```
"puma.underscore_headers"
```
PUMA_VERSION =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 103
```
VERSION = "8.0.2"
```
QUERY_STRING =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 115
```
"QUERY_STRING"
```
RACK_AFTER_REPLY =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 231
```
"rack.after_reply"
```
RACK_INPUT =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 229
```
"rack.input"
```
RACK_RESPONSE_FINISHED =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 232
```
"rack.response_finished"
```
RACK_URL_SCHEME =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 230
```
"rack.url_scheme"
```
REMOTE_ADDR =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 201
```
"REMOTE_ADDR"
```
REQUEST_METHOD =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 147
```
"REQUEST_METHOD"
```
REQUEST_PATH =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 114
```
"REQUEST_PATH"
```
REQUEST_URI =

The original URI requested by the client.

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 113
```
"REQUEST_URI"
```
RESTART_COMMAND =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 227
```
"R"
```
SERVER_NAME =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 207
```
"SERVER_NAME"
```
SERVER_PORT =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 208
```
"SERVER_PORT"
```
SERVER_PROTOCOL =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 218
```
"SERVER_PROTOCOL"
```
SERVER_SOFTWARE =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 221
```
"SERVER_SOFTWARE"
```
STOP_COMMAND =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 225
```
"?"
```
SUPPORTED_HTTP_METHODS =

based on https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110.html#name-overview and https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc10008.html, with CONNECT removed, and PATCH & QUERY added

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 152
```
%w[HEAD GET POST PUT DELETE OPTIONS TRACE PATCH QUERY].freeze
```
TRANSFER_ENCODING =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 257
```
"transfer-encoding"
```
TRANSFER_ENCODING2 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 258
```
"HTTP_TRANSFER_ENCODING"
```
TRANSFER_ENCODING_CHUNKED =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 263
```
"transfer-encoding: chunked\r\n"
```
UNMASKABLE_HEADERS =

The keys of headers that should not be convert to underscore normalized versions. These headers are ignored at the request reading layer, but if we normalize them after reading, it's just confusing for the application.

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 288
```
{
  "HTTP_TRANSFER,ENCODING" => true,
  "HTTP_CONTENT,LENGTH" => true,
}
```
UNSPECIFIED_IPV4 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 215
```
"0.0.0.0"
```
UNSPECIFIED_IPV6 =
# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 216
```
"::"
```
WRITE_TIMEOUT =

How long to wait when getting some write blocking on the socket when sending data back

# File 'lib/puma/const.rb', line 110
```
10
```