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Module: CGI::HtmlExtension

Relationships & Source Files
Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants
Included In:
Defined in: lib/cgi/html.rb

Overview

Mixin module providing HTML generation methods.

For example,

cgi.a("http://www.example.com") { "Example" }
  # => "<A HREF=\"http://www.example.com\">Example</A>"

Modules Html3, Html4, etc., contain more basic HTML-generation methods (#title, #h1, etc.).

See class ::CGI for a detailed example.

Instance Method Summary

Instance Method Details

#a(href = "")

Generate an Anchor element as a string.

href can either be a string, giving the URL for the HREF attribute, or it can be a hash of the element's attributes.

The body of the element is the string returned by the no-argument block passed in.

a("http://www.example.com") { "Example" }
  # => "<A HREF=\"http://www.example.com\">Example</A>"

a("HREF" => "http://www.example.com", "TARGET" => "_top") { "Example" }
  # => "<A HREF=\"http://www.example.com\" TARGET=\"_top\">Example</A>"
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 97

def a(href = "") # :yield:
  attributes = if href.kind_of?(String)
                 { "HREF" => href }
               else
                 href
               end
  super(attributes)
end

#base(href = "")

Generate a Document Base URI element as a String.

href can either by a string, giving the base URL for the HREF attribute, or it can be a has of the element's attributes.

The passed-in no-argument block is ignored.

base("http://www.example.com/cgi")
  # => "<BASE HREF=\"http://www.example.com/cgi\">"
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 115

def base(href = "") # :yield:
  attributes = if href.kind_of?(String)
                 { "HREF" => href }
               else
                 href
               end
  super(attributes)
end

#blockquote(cite = {})

Generate a BlockQuote element as a string.

cite can either be a string, give the URI for the source of the quoted text, or a hash, giving all attributes of the element, or it can be omitted, in which case the element has no attributes.

The body is provided by the passed-in no-argument block

blockquote("http://www.example.com/quotes/foo.html") { "Foo!" }
  #=> "<BLOCKQUOTE CITE=\"http://www.example.com/quotes/foo.html\">Foo!</BLOCKQUOTE>
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 134

def blockquote(cite = {})  # :yield:
  attributes = if cite.kind_of?(String)
                 { "CITE" => cite }
               else
                 cite
               end
  super(attributes)
end

#caption(align = {})

Generate a Table Caption element as a string.

align can be a string, giving the alignment of the caption (one of top, bottom, left, or right). It can be a hash of all the attributes of the element. Or it can be omitted.

The body of the element is provided by the passed-in no-argument block.

caption("left") { "Capital Cities" }
  # => <CAPTION ALIGN=\"left\">Capital Cities</CAPTION>
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 154

def caption(align = {}) # :yield:
  attributes = if align.kind_of?(String)
                 { "ALIGN" => align }
               else
                 align
               end
  super(attributes)
end

#checkbox(name = "", value = nil, checked = nil)

Generate a Checkbox Input element as a string.

The attributes of the element can be specified as three arguments, name, value, and checked. checked is a boolean value; if true, the CHECKED attribute will be included in the element.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

checkbox("name")
  # = checkbox("NAME" => "name")

checkbox("name", "value")
  # = checkbox("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value")

checkbox("name", "value", true)
  # = checkbox("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value", "CHECKED" => true)
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 180

def checkbox(name = "", value = nil, checked = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "checkbox", "NAME" => name,
                   "VALUE" => value, "CHECKED" => checked }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "checkbox"
                 name
               end
  input(attributes)
end

#checkbox_group(name = "", *values)

Generate a sequence of checkbox elements, as a String.

The checkboxes will all have the same name attribute. Each checkbox is followed by a label. There will be one checkbox for each value. Each value can be specified as a String, which will be used both as the value of the VALUE attribute and as the label for that checkbox. A single-element array has the same effect.

Each value can also be specified as a three-element array. The first element is the VALUE attribute; the second is the label; and the third is a boolean specifying whether this checkbox is CHECKED.

Each value can also be specified as a two-element array, by omitting either the value element (defaults to the same as the label), or the boolean checked element (defaults to false).

checkbox_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

checkbox_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

checkbox_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz

checkbox_group("NAME" => "name",
                 "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"])

checkbox_group("NAME" => "name",
                 "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"])

checkbox_group("NAME" => "name",
                 "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 234

def checkbox_group(name = "", *values)
  if name.kind_of?(Hash)
    values = name["VALUES"]
    name = name["NAME"]
  end
  values.collect{|value|
    if value.kind_of?(String)
      checkbox(name, value) + value
    else
      if value[-1] == true || value[-1] == false
        checkbox(name, value[0],  value[-1]) +
        value[-2]
      else
        checkbox(name, value[0]) +
        value[-1]
      end
    end
  }.join
end

#file_field(name = "", size = 20, maxlength = nil)

Generate an File Upload Input element as a string.

The attributes of the element can be specified as three arguments, name, size, and maxlength. maxlength is the maximum length of the file's name, not of the file's contents.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

See #multipart_form() for forms that include file uploads.

file_field("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="20">

file_field("name", 40)
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

file_field("name", 40, 100)
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="40" MAXLENGTH="100">

file_field("NAME" => "name", "SIZE" => 40)
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="40">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 276

def file_field(name = "", size = 20, maxlength = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "file", "NAME" => name,
                   "SIZE" => size.to_s }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "file"
                 name
               end
  attributes["MAXLENGTH"] = maxlength.to_s if maxlength
  input(attributes)
end

#form(method = "post", action = script_name, enctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")

Generate a Form element as a string.

method should be either “get” or “post”, and defaults to the latter. action defaults to the current ::CGI script name. enctype defaults to “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

See also #multipart_form() for forms that include file uploads.

form{ "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">string</FORM>

form("get") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="get" ENCTYPE="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">string</FORM>

form("get", "url") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="get" ACTION="url" ENCTYPE="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">string</FORM>

form("METHOD" => "post", "ENCTYPE" => "enctype") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="enctype">string</FORM>
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 310

def form(method = "post", action = script_name, enctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
  attributes = if method.kind_of?(String)
                 { "METHOD" => method, "ACTION" => action,
                   "ENCTYPE" => enctype }
               else
                 unless method.has_key?("METHOD")
                   method["METHOD"] = "post"
                 end
                 unless method.has_key?("ENCTYPE")
                   method["ENCTYPE"] = enctype
                 end
                 method
               end
  if block_given?
    body = yield
  else
    body = ""
  end
  if @output_hidden
    body << @output_hidden.collect{|k,v|
      "<INPUT TYPE=\"HIDDEN\" NAME=\"#{k}\" VALUE=\"#{v}\">"
    }.join
  end
  super(attributes){body}
end

#hidden(name = "", value = nil)

Generate a Hidden Input element as a string.

The attributes of the element can be specified as two arguments, name and value.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

hidden("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="name">

hidden("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="name" VALUE="value">

hidden("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "reset", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="name" VALUE="value" ID="foo">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 351

def hidden(name = "", value = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "hidden", "NAME" => name, "VALUE" => value }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "hidden"
                 name
               end
  input(attributes)
end

#html(attributes = {})

Generate a top-level HTML element as a string.

The attributes of the element are specified as a hash. The pseudo-attribute “PRETTY” can be used to specify that the generated HTML string should be indented. “PRETTY” can also be specified as a string as the sole argument to this method. The pseudo-attribute “DOCTYPE”, if given, is used as the leading DOCTYPE SGML tag; it should include the entire text of this tag, including angle brackets.

The body of the html element is supplied as a block.

html{ "string" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML>string</HTML>

html("LANG" => "ja") { "string" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML LANG="ja">string</HTML>

html("DOCTYPE" => false) { "string" }
  # <HTML>string</HTML>

html("DOCTYPE" => '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">') { "string" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN"><HTML>string</HTML>

html("PRETTY" => "  ") { "<BODY></BODY>" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
  # <HTML>
  #   <BODY>
  #   </BODY>
  # </HTML>

html("PRETTY" => "\t") { "<BODY></BODY>" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
  # <HTML>
  #         <BODY>
  #         </BODY>
  # </HTML>

html("PRETTY") { "<BODY></BODY>" }
  # = html("PRETTY" => "  ") { "<BODY></BODY>" }

html(if $VERBOSE then "PRETTY" end) { "HTML string" }
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 403

def html(attributes = {}) # :yield:
  if nil == attributes
    attributes = {}
  elsif "PRETTY" == attributes
    attributes = { "PRETTY" => true }
  end
  pretty = attributes.delete("PRETTY")
  pretty = "  " if true == pretty
  buf = ""

  if attributes.has_key?("DOCTYPE")
    if attributes["DOCTYPE"]
      buf << attributes.delete("DOCTYPE")
    else
      attributes.delete("DOCTYPE")
    end
  else
    buf << doctype
  end

  buf << super(attributes)

  if pretty
    CGI::pretty(buf, pretty)
  else
    buf
  end

end

#image_button(src = "", name = nil, alt = nil)

Generate an Image Button Input element as a string.

src is the URL of the image to use for the button. name is the input name. alt is the alternative text for the image.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

image_button("url")
  # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url">

image_button("url", "name", "string")
  # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url" NAME="name" ALT="string">

image_button("SRC" => "url", "ALT" => "string")
  # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url" ALT="string">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 448

def image_button(src = "", name = nil, alt = nil)
  attributes = if src.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "image", "SRC" => src, "NAME" => name,
                   "ALT" => alt }
               else
                 src["TYPE"] = "image"
                 src["SRC"] ||= ""
                 src
               end
  input(attributes)
end

#img(src = "", alt = "", width = nil, height = nil)

Generate an Image element as a string.

src is the URL of the image. alt is the alternative text for the image. width is the width of the image, and height is its height.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

img("src", "alt", 100, 50)
  # <IMG SRC="src" ALT="alt" WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="50">

img("SRC" => "src", "ALT" => "alt", "WIDTH" => 100, "HEIGHT" => 50)
  # <IMG SRC="src" ALT="alt" WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="50">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 474

def img(src = "", alt = "", width = nil, height = nil)
  attributes = if src.kind_of?(String)
                 { "SRC" => src, "ALT" => alt }
               else
                 src
               end
  attributes["WIDTH"] = width.to_s if width
  attributes["HEIGHT"] = height.to_s if height
  super(attributes)
end

#multipart_form(action = nil, enctype = "multipart/form-data")

Generate a Form element with multipart encoding as a String.

Multipart encoding is used for forms that include file uploads.

action is the action to perform. enctype is the encoding type, which defaults to “multipart/form-data”.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

multipart_form{ "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">string</FORM>

multipart_form("url") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ACTION="url" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">string</FORM>
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 500

def multipart_form(action = nil, enctype = "multipart/form-data")
  attributes = if action == nil
                 { "METHOD" => "post", "ENCTYPE" => enctype }
               elsif action.kind_of?(String)
                 { "METHOD" => "post", "ACTION" => action,
                   "ENCTYPE" => enctype }
               else
                 unless action.has_key?("METHOD")
                   action["METHOD"] = "post"
                 end
                 unless action.has_key?("ENCTYPE")
                   action["ENCTYPE"] = enctype
                 end
                 action
               end
  if block_given?
    form(attributes){ yield }
  else
    form(attributes)
  end
end

#password_field(name = "", value = nil, size = 40, maxlength = nil)

Generate a Password Input element as a string.

name is the name of the input field. value is its default value. size is the size of the input field display. maxlength is the maximum length of the inputted password.

Alternatively, attributes can be specified as a hash.

password_field("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

password_field("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="40">

password_field("password", "value", 80, 200)
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80" MAXLENGTH="200">

password_field("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 542

def password_field(name = "", value = nil, size = 40, maxlength = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "password", "NAME" => name,
                   "VALUE" => value, "SIZE" => size.to_s }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "password"
                 name
               end
  attributes["MAXLENGTH"] = maxlength.to_s if maxlength
  input(attributes)
end

#radio_button(name = "", value = nil, checked = nil)

Generates a radio-button Input element.

name is the name of the input field. value is the value of the field if checked. checked specifies whether the field starts off checked.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

radio_button("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value">

radio_button("name", "value", true)
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value" CHECKED>

radio_button("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value" ID="foo">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 646

def radio_button(name = "", value = nil, checked = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "radio", "NAME" => name,
                   "VALUE" => value, "CHECKED" => checked }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "radio"
                 name
               end
  input(attributes)
end

#radio_group(name = "", *values)

Generate a sequence of radio button Input elements, as a String.

This works the same as #checkbox_group(). However, it is not valid to have more than one radiobutton in a group checked.

radio_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

radio_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

radio_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz

radio_group("NAME" => "name",
              "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"])

radio_group("NAME" => "name",
              "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"])

radio_group("NAME" => "name",
              "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 685

def radio_group(name = "", *values)
  if name.kind_of?(Hash)
    values = name["VALUES"]
    name = name["NAME"]
  end
  values.collect{|value|
    if value.kind_of?(String)
      radio_button(name, value) + value
    else
      if value[-1] == true || value[-1] == false
        radio_button(name, value[0],  value[-1]) +
        value[-2]
      else
        radio_button(name, value[0]) +
        value[-1]
      end
    end
  }.join
end

#reset(value = nil, name = nil)

Generate a reset button Input element, as a String.

This resets the values on a form to their initial values. value is the text displayed on the button. name is the name of this button.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

reset
  # <INPUT TYPE="reset">

reset("reset")
  # <INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="reset">

reset("VALUE" => "reset", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="reset" ID="foo">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 720

def reset(value = nil, name = nil)
  attributes = if (not value) or value.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "reset", "VALUE" => value, "NAME" => name }
               else
                 value["TYPE"] = "reset"
                 value
               end
  input(attributes)
end

#scrolling_list(name = "", *values)

Alias for #popup_menu.

[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 730

alias scrolling_list popup_menu

#submit(value = nil, name = nil)

Generate a submit button Input element, as a String.

value is the text to display on the button. name is the name of the input.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

submit
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit">

submit("ok")
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="ok">

submit("ok", "button1")
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="ok" NAME="button1">

submit("VALUE" => "ok", "NAME" => "button1", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="ok" NAME="button1" ID="foo">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 750

def submit(value = nil, name = nil)
  attributes = if (not value) or value.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "submit", "VALUE" => value, "NAME" => name }
               else
                 value["TYPE"] = "submit"
                 value
               end
  input(attributes)
end

#text_field(name = "", value = nil, size = 40, maxlength = nil)

Generate a text field Input element, as a String.

name is the name of the input field. value is its initial value. size is the size of the input area. maxlength is the maximum length of input accepted.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

text_field("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

text_field("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="40">

text_field("name", "value", 80)
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80">

text_field("name", "value", 80, 200)
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80" MAXLENGTH="200">

text_field("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value">
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 782

def text_field(name = "", value = nil, size = 40, maxlength = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "text", "NAME" => name, "VALUE" => value,
                   "SIZE" => size.to_s }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "text"
                 name
               end
  attributes["MAXLENGTH"] = maxlength.to_s if maxlength
  input(attributes)
end

#textarea(name = "", cols = 70, rows = 10)

Generate a TextArea element, as a String.

name is the name of the textarea. cols is the number of columns and rows is the number of rows in the display.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

The body is provided by the passed-in no-argument block

textarea("name")
   # = textarea("NAME" => "name", "COLS" => 70, "ROWS" => 10)

textarea("name", 40, 5)
   # = textarea("NAME" => "name", "COLS" => 40, "ROWS" => 5)
[ GitHub ]

  
# File 'lib/cgi/html.rb', line 808

def textarea(name = "", cols = 70, rows = 10)  # :yield:
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "NAME" => name, "COLS" => cols.to_s,
                   "ROWS" => rows.to_s }
               else
                 name
               end
  super(attributes)
end